Exploring Diversity in Special Education: A Participatory Action Research with Photovoice

Abstract

Organizing learning activities wherein students could be actively involved in education through investigation can have benefits for professional life in inclusive education. This chapter shows the results of research conducted to help first MEd students develop a deeper understanding of the benefits of diversity in special education. The study is based upon the Empowerment Education framework of Freire (1970) and it used a mixed intra-paradigm research design of Participatory Action Research and Photovoice. A class of 37 MEd students trained in using Photovoice accepted to participate in this study. They were organized into ten groups, each group receiving a specific theme under the main topic: Diversity in Inclusive Education. Data were collected through photos, observations, and interviews. Data were analyzed based on participants’ photo essay activity. The results of Group 3, consisting of four MEd student, are presented in this study under eight themes identified by the participants as (1) relationships, (2) fun school activities, (3) moments of relaxation, (4) behavioral stereotypes in controlled environments, (5) didactic strategies adapted to the needs of children with disabilities, (6) the educational climate based on support in socio-emotional and personal development, (7) educational projects carried out with students with special education needs, and (8) practical activities. By having MEd students participate in this Participatory Action Research, the authors aimed to generate a positive change in MEd students’ attitudes towards diverse classrooms. The Photovoice research design helped to disseminate the results to raise awareness of the local community and decision-making entities.