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Treatise on Geophysics
Crust and Lithospheric Structure – Global Crustal Structure
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Author(s):
W.D. Mooney
Publication date
(Print):
2007
Publisher:
Elsevier
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Author and book information
Book Chapter
Publication date (Print):
2007
Pages
: 361-417
DOI:
10.1016/B978-044452748-6.00011-0
SO-VID:
6bd77080-81ce-459f-905e-b79e79ba34bc
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https://www.elsevier.com/tdm/userlicense/1.0/
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Book chapters
pp. i
Editor-in-Chief
pp. ii
Volume Editors
pp. xv
Preface
pp. xviii
Permission Acknowledgments
pp. 1
Mantle Dynamics Past, Present, and Future: An Introduction and Overview
pp. 1
Comprehensive Overview
pp. 1
Earth Formation and Evolution
pp. 1
Overview
pp. 1
Overview – Mineral Physics: Past, Present, and Future
pp. 1
An Overview
pp. 1
Overview
pp. 1
Geomagnetism in Perspective
pp. 1
Overview
pp. 1
Overview
pp. 7
Properties of Rocks and Minerals – Seismic Properties of Rocks and Minerals, and Structure of the Earth
pp. 11
Potential Theory and Static Gravity Field of the Earth
pp. 13
The Composition and Major Reservoirs of the Earth Around the Time of the Moon-Forming Giant Impact
pp. 27
Interior Structure, Composition, and Mineralogy of the Terrestrial Planets
pp. 31
Theory and Observations – Earth’s Free Oscillations
pp. 31
Energetics of the Core
pp. 31
Physics of Mantle Convection
pp. 33
The Present Field
pp. 33
Mineralogy of the Earth – Phase Transitions and Mineralogy of the Lower Mantle
pp. 43
Gravimetric Methods – Absolute Gravimeter: Instruments Concepts and Implementation
pp. 49
Plate Tectonics
pp. 51
Formation of Earth’s Core
pp. 59
Seismic Source Theory
pp. 63
Mineralogy of the Earth – Trace Elements and Hydrogen in the Earth’s Transition Zone and Lower Mantle
pp. 65
Gravimetric Methods – Superconducting Gravity Meters
pp. 67
Theory of the Geodynamo
pp. 67
Theory and Observations – Normal Modes and Surface Wave Measurements
pp. 69
Planetary Seismology
pp. 77
Magnetospheric Contributions to the Terrestrial Magnetic Field
pp. 83
Fracture and Frictional Mechanics – Theory
pp. 89
Laboratory Studies of Mantle Convection
pp. 91
Magma Oceans and Primordial Mantle Differentiation
pp. 91
Mineralogy of the Earth – The Earth’s Core: Iron and Iron Alloys
pp. 93
Observation and Measurement Techniques
pp. 99
Plate Rheology and Mechanics
pp. 107
Large-Scale Flow in the Core
pp. 107
Applications of Rate- and State-Dependent Friction to Models of Fault Slip and Earthquake Occurrence
pp. 121
Theory and Practice – Thermodynamics, Equations of State, Elasticity, and Phase Transitions of Minerals at High Pressures and Temperatures
pp. 121
Water, the Solid Earth, and the Atmosphere: The Genesis and Effects of a Wet Surface on a Mostly Dry Planet
pp. 123
Gravimetric Methods – Spacecraft Altimeter Measurements
pp. 123
The Rotation of the Terrestrial Planets
pp. 127
Theory and Observations – Body Waves: Ray Methods and Finite Frequency Effects
pp. 131
Thermal and Compositional Convection in the Outer Core
pp. 131
Friction of Rock at Earthquake Slip Rates
pp. 145
Plate Tectonics through Time
pp. 147
Geomagnetic Secular Variation and Its Applications to the Core
pp. 153
Plate Deformation
pp. 153
Dynamic Shear Rupture in Frictional Interfaces: Speeds, Directionality, and Modes
pp. 153
Theory and Practice – Lattice Vibrations and Spectroscopy of Mantle Phases
pp. 157
Theory and Observations – Forward Modeling/Synthetic Body Wave Seismograms
pp. 163
Earth Tides
pp. 165
Gravity and Topography of the Terrestrial Planets
pp. 167
Analytical Approaches to Mantle Dynamics
pp. 171
Mechanisms of Continental Crust Growth
pp. 187
Turbulence and Small-Scale Dynamics in the Core
pp. 191
Theory and Observations – Forward Modeling and Synthetic Seismograms: 3-D Numerical Methods
pp. 193
Slip Inversion
pp. 195
Crustal Magnetism
pp. 197
Theory and Practice – Multianvil Cells and High-Pressure Experimental Methods
pp. 197
Time Variable Gravity: Glacial Isostatic Adjustment
pp. 197
Thermal Evolution of the Mantle
pp. 207
Rotational Dynamics of the Core
pp. 207
Exogenic Dynamics, Cratering and Surface Ages
pp. 213
Time Variable Gravity from Satellites
pp. 217
Heat Flow and Thermal Structure of the Lithosphere
pp. 217
Thermal and Compositional Evolution of the Core
pp. 219
Theory and Observations – Teleseismic Body-Wave Scattering and Receiver-Side Structure
pp. 225
Fault Interaction, Earthquake Stress Changes, and the Evolution of Seismicity
pp. 227
Numerical Methods for Mantle Convection
pp. 231
Theory and Practice – Diamond-Anvil Cells and Probes for High P–T Mineral Physics Studies
pp. 237
Geomagnetism
pp. 239
Earth Rotation Variations – Long Period
pp. 243
Planetary Magnetism
pp. 243
History of Earth Rotation
pp. 245
Numerical Dynamo Simulations
pp. 247
Crust and Lithospheric Structure – Active Source Studies of Crust and Lithospheric Structure
pp. 253
Temperatures, Heat and Energy in the Mantle of the Earth
pp. 253
Lithosphere Stress and Deformation
pp. 257
Dynamic Triggering
pp. 269
Theory and Practice – Techniques for Measuring High P/T Elasticity
pp. 275
Magmatism, Magma, and Magma Chambers
pp. 277
Magnetizations in Rocks and Minerals
pp. 281
Planetary Dynamos
pp. 283
Magnetic Polarity Reversals in the Core
pp. 289
Theory and Observations – Wave Propagation in Anisotropic Media
pp. 293
Earthquake Hydrology
pp. 293
Theory and Practice – Measuring High-Pressure Electronic and Magnetic Properties
pp. 295
Earth Rotation Variations
pp. 295
Coevolution of Life and Earth
pp. 299
Inner-Core Dynamics
pp. 299
Dynamics and Thermal History of the Terrestrial Planets, the Moon, and Io
pp. 305
The Dynamics and Convective Evolution of the Upper Mantle
pp. 319
Experiments on Core Dynamics
pp. 321
Deep Earthquakes
pp. 323
Theory and Observations – Seismic Tomography and Inverse Methods
pp. 325
Mantle Downwellings and the Fate of Subducting Slabs: Constraints from Seismology, Geoid Topography, Geochemistry, and Petrology
pp. 335
Dynamic Processes in Extensional and Compressional Settings: The Dynamics of Continental Breakup and Extension
pp. 337
Centennial- to Millennial-Scale Geomagnetic Field Variations
pp. 339
Theory and Practice – Methods for the Study of High P/T Deformation and Rheology
pp. 345
Core–Mantle Interactions
pp. 349
Solid Planet–Atmosphere Interactions
pp. 351
Volcanology 101 for Seismologists
pp. 351
GPS and Space-Based Geodetic Methods
pp. 359
Theory and Practice – The Ab Initio Treatment of High-Pressure and -Temperature Mineral Properties and Behavior
pp. 361
Crust and Lithospheric Structure – Global Crustal Structure
pp. 371
Water on the Terrestrial Planets
pp. 371
Hot Spots and Melting Anomalies
pp. 373
Geomagnetic Excursions
pp. 377
Dynamic Processes in Extensional and Compressional Settings – Mountain Building: From Earthquakes to Geological Deformation
pp. 389
Volcano Seismology
pp. 389
Properties of Rocks and Minerals – Constitutive Equations, Rheological Behavior, and Viscosity of Rocks
pp. 391
Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar Geodesy
pp. 417
Time-Averaged Field and Paleosecular Variation
pp. 419
Properties of Rocks and Minerals – Diffusion, Viscosity, and Flow of Melts
pp. 419
Crust and Lithospheric Structure – Seismic Structure of Mid-Ocean Ridges
pp. 421
Interaction of Solid Earth, Atmosphere, and Ionosphere
pp. 421
Geology, Life and Habitability
pp. 437
Seismic Anisotropy of the Deep Earth from a Mineral and Rock Physics Perspective
pp. 437
Mantle Geochemical Geodynamics
pp. 439
Giant Planets
pp. 441
Fault Mechanics
pp. 445
Episodic Aseismic Slip at Plate Boundaries
pp. 445
Crust and Lithospheric Structure – Hot Spots and Hot-Spot Swells
pp. 455
Source of Oceanic Magnetic Anomalies and the Geomagnetic Polarity Timescale
pp. 465
The Origin of the Natural Satellites
pp. 473
Global Seismicity: Results from Systematic Waveform Analyses, 1976–2005
pp. 479
Crust and Lithospheric Structure – Natural Source Portable Array Studies of Continental Lithosphere
pp. 483
Tsunamis
pp. 485
Tectonic Models for the Evolution of Sedimentary Basins
pp. 493
Properties of Rocks and Minerals – Physical Origins of Anelasticity and Attenuation in Rock
pp. 509
Interiors and Evolution of Icy Satellites
pp. 509
Paleointensities
pp. 513
Physical Processes That Control Strong Ground Motion
pp. 527
Properties of Rocks and Minerals – High-Pressure Melting
pp. 533
Crust and Lithospheric Structure – Long Range Controlled Source Seismic Experiments in Europe
pp. 541
Pluto, Charon, and the Kuiper Belt Objects
pp. 543
Properties of Rocks and Minerals – Thermal Conductivity of the Earth
pp. 559
Deep Earth Structure – Upper Mantle Structure: Global Isotropic and Anisotropic Elastic Tomography
pp. 565
True Polar Wander: Linking Deep and Shallow Geodynamics to Hydro- and Bio-Spheric Hypotheses
pp. 565
Mission Analysis Issues for Planetary Exploration Missions
pp. 567
Historical Seismicity – Paleoseismology
pp. 579
Properties of Rocks and Minerals – Magnetic Properties of Rocks and Minerals
pp. 591
Historical Seismicity – Archeoseismology
pp. 591
Deep Earth Structure – Transition Zone and Mantle Discontinuities
pp. 595
Instrumentation for Planetary Exploration Missions
pp. 607
Earthquake Hazard Mitigation: New Directions and Opportunities
pp. 619
Deep Earth Structure – Lower Mantle and D″
pp. 631
Properties of Rocks and Minerals – The Electrical Conductivity of Rocks, Minerals, and the Earth
pp. 649
The Role of Fault Zone Drilling
pp. 655
Deep Earth Structure – The Earth’s Cores
pp. 675
Complexity and Earthquakes
pp. 695
Deep Earth Structure – Seismic Scattering in the Deep Earth
pp. 731
Deep Earth Structure – Q of the Earth from Crust to Core
pp. 775
Constraints on Seismic Models from Other Disciplines – Constraints from Mineral Physics on Seismological Models
pp. 805
Constraints on Seismic Models from Other Disciplines – Implications for Mantle Dynamics and Composition
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