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      Efectos de la deshidratación y rehidratación sobre la farmacocinética de la norfloxacina en terneros Translated title: Effect of dehydration and rehydration on norfloxacin pharmacokinetics in calves

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          Abstract

          El objetivo de este trabajo fue estudiar el efecto de la deshidratación y posterior rehidratación sobre la farmacocinética de la norfloxacina, luego de la administración de una dosis de 10 mg/ kg por vía endovenosa y oral a terneros. Se utilizaron 23 animales, 11 sanos y 12 a los que se los deshidrató mediante privación de sustituto lácteo y agua durante 26 horas previas a la administración de la droga lográndose un porcentaje de deshidratación promedio del 9.12 % del peso corporal. A las 3.5 horas post-administración de la droga todos los animales recibieron sustituto lácteo. El perfil farmacocinético de la norfloxacina cuando se administró por vía endovenosa mostró diferencias significativas en el volumen del compartimiento central. Tras la administración oral la absorción de la droga en los terneros deshidratados mostró importantes variaciones, siendo más rápida pero significativamente menor que en los animales sanos. Nuestros resultados indicarían que la administración oral de 10 mg/kg cada 24 horas sería útil para el tratamiento de bacterias con CIM de hasta 0.2 mg/ml en terneros sanos, mientras que este mismo esquema sólo sería efectivo para bacterias con CIM de hasta 0.09 mg/ml en el caso de que la droga sea administrada a terneros deshidratados.

          Translated abstract

          The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of dehydration and rehydration on norfloxacin pharmacokinetics after a single dose (10 mg/kg) administration to calves by the intravenous and oral routes. Of the 23 animals used in this study, 12 were dehydrated by deprivation of milk-replacer and water for 26 h before drug administration, achieving a mean dehydration percentage of 9.12 of the body weight. At 3.5 h after drug administration, all animals received milk-replacer. The pharmacokinetic profile of norfloxacin after its intravenous administration showed significant differences for the central compartment volume. After oral administration, drug absorption in the dehydrated calves showed important variations, being more rapid but significantly less than in healthy animals. Our results indicate that oral administration of 10 mg/ kg every 24 h would be effective for treating bacteria with MICs up to 0.2 μg/ml in healthy calves, however, this same treatment would be effective only for bacteria with MICs up to 0.09 μg/ml when administered to dehydrated calves.

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          Most cited references21

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          Application of Akaike's information criterion (AIC) in the evaluation of linear pharmacokinetic equations.

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            Enteropathogenic Escherichia coli.

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              Simplified, accurate method for antibiotic assay of clinical specimens.

              Large glass plates are used for this modified agar-well diffusion assay method, allowing up to 81 replications on a single plate. With a specially designed agar punch, it is possible to prepare the small agar wells very quickly. The saving in serum resulting from fewer replications of standards with the large plates, and the small volume of the agar wells, makes it economically feasible to use pooled human serum for the standard antibiotic solutions. Methods are described for preparing the standard solutions, and for providing controls for the deterioration of standards and unknowns. Procedures for preparing and maintaining the commonly used assay organisms are presented. Serum specimens are tested directly rather than diluting them to a narrow range of antibiotic concentrations. This is possible because of a procedure for calculations that recognizes the curvilinear relationship between zone sizes and antibiotic concentrations. Adaptation of this method to a number of the commonly used antibiotics is described. With this method, it has been possible to test large numbers of clinical specimens in a minimal time, and with accuracy consistently better than 10%.
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                invet
                InVet
                InVet
                Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, Universidad de Buenos Aires (Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, , Argentina )
                1668-3498
                December 2006
                : 8
                : 1
                : 157-166
                Affiliations
                [01] orgnameUniversidad de Buenos Aires orgdiv1Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias orgdiv2Farmacología
                [02] orgnameUniversidad Complutense de Madrid orgdiv1Facultad de Veterinaria orgdiv2Farmacología
                Article
                S1668-34982006000100015 S1668-3498(06)00800100015
                b59505b4-44a8-4a8d-aa7d-e87789e61522

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.

                History
                : March 2006
                : December 2005
                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 21, Pages: 10
                Product

                SciELO Argentina


                Pharmacokinetics,Norfloxacin,Calves,Dehydration,Farmacocinética,Deshidratación,Terneros,Norfloxacina

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