Beneficial effect of troxerutin on diabetes-induced vascular damages in rat aorta: histopathological alterations and antioxidation mechanism.

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Abstract

Diabetes is associated with micro- and macro-vascular complications affecting several organs. Oxidative stress plays a crucial role in the etiology of vascular disease in diabetes.

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Most cited references 31

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Global prevalence of diabetes: estimates for the year 2000 and projections for 2030.

Sarah E Wild, Gojka Roglic, Anders Green … (2004)

The goal of this study was to estimate the prevalence of diabetes and the number of people of all ages with diabetes for years 2000 and 2030. Data on diabetes prevalence by age and sex from a limited number of countries were extrapolated to all 191 World Health Organization member states and applied to United Nations' population estimates for 2000 and 2030. Urban and rural populations were considered separately for developing countries. The prevalence of diabetes for all age-groups worldwide was estimated to be 2.8% in 2000 and 4.4% in 2030. The total number of people with diabetes is projected to rise from 171 million in 2000 to 366 million in 2030. The prevalence of diabetes is higher in men than women, but there are more women with diabetes than men. The urban population in developing countries is projected to double between 2000 and 2030. The most important demographic change to diabetes prevalence across the world appears to be the increase in the proportion of people >65 years of age. These findings indicate that the "diabetes epidemic" will continue even if levels of obesity remain constant. Given the increasing prevalence of obesity, it is likely that these figures provide an underestimate of future diabetes prevalence.

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Endothelial dysfunction - a major mediator of diabetic vascular disease.

Cristina Sena, Ana M. S. Pereira, Raquel M Seiça (2013)

The vascular endothelium is a multifunctional organ and is critically involved in modulating vascular tone and structure. Endothelial cells produce a wide range of factors that also regulate cellular adhesion, thromboresistance, smooth muscle cell proliferation, and vessel wall inflammation. Thus, endothelial function is important for the homeostasis of the body and its dysfunction is associated with several pathophysiological conditions, including atherosclerosis, hypertension and diabetes. Patients with diabetes invariably show an impairment of endothelium-dependent vasodilation. Therefore, understanding and treating endothelial dysfunction is a major focus in the prevention of vascular complications associated with all forms of diabetes mellitus. The mechanisms of endothelial dysfunction in diabetes may point to new management strategies for the prevention of cardiovascular disease in diabetes. This review will focus on the mechanisms and therapeutics that specifically target endothelial dysfunction in the context of a diabetic setting. Mechanisms including altered glucose metabolism, impaired insulin signaling, low-grade inflammatory state, and increased reactive oxygen species generation will be discussed. The importance of developing new pharmacological approaches that upregulate endothelium-derived nitric oxide synthesis and target key vascular ROS-producing enzymes will be highlighted and new strategies that might prove clinically relevant in preventing the development and/or retarding the progression of diabetes associated vascular complications. © 2013.

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A review on the role of antioxidants in the management of diabetes and its complications.

Roja RAHIMI, Shekoufeh Nikfar, Bagher Larijani … (2005)

Diabetes is a prevalent systemic disease affecting a significant proportion of the population worldwide. The effects of diabetes are devastating and well documented. There is increasing evidence that in certain pathologic states, especially chronic diseases, the increased production and/or ineffective scavenging of reactive oxygen species (ROS) may play a critical role. High reactivity of ROS determines chemical changes in virtually all cellular components, leading to lipid peroxidation. Production of ROS and disturbed capacity of antioxidant defense in diabetic subjects have been reported. It has been suggested that enhanced production of free radicals and oxidative stress is central event to the development of diabetic complications. This suggestion has been supported by demonstration of increased levels of indicators of oxidative stress in diabetic individuals suffering from complications. Therefore, it seems reasonable that antioxidants can play an important role in the improvement of diabetes. There are many reports on effects of antioxidants in the management of diabetes. In this paper, after complete bibliography and criticizing all relevant articles, the relationships between diabetes and oxidative stress and use of antioxidants in the management of diabetes and its complications have been well reviewed. This review well indicates that oxidative stress is involved in the pathogenesis of diabetes and its complications. Use of antioxidants reduces oxidative stress and alleviates diabetic complications.

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Author and article information

Journal

Journal ID (iso-abbrev): Int J Endocrinol Metab

Title: International journal of endocrinology and metabolism

Publisher: Kowsar Medical Institute

ISSN: 1726-913X

ISSN (Print): 1726-913X

Publication date (Electronic): Apr 2015

Volume: 13

Issue: 2

Affiliations

[1 ] Drug Applied Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, IR Iran.

[2 ] Cardiovascular Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, IR Iran ; Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, IR Iran.

[3 ] Department of Anatomical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, IR Iran.

[4 ] Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, IR Iran.