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      Patterns of cancer incidence, mortality, and prevalence across five continents: defining priorities to reduce cancer disparities in different geographic regions of the world.

      Journal of clinical oncology : official journal of the American Society of Clinical Oncology
      Cost of Illness, Global Health, Health Services Accessibility, Humans, Incidence, Neoplasms, epidemiology, mortality, prevention & control, Prevalence, Risk Factors

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          Abstract

          Efforts to reduce global cancer disparities begin with an understanding of geographic patterns in cancer incidence, mortality, and prevalence. Using the GLOBOCAN (2002) and Cancer Incidence in Five Continents databases, we describe overall cancer incidence, mortality, and prevalence, age-adjusted temporal trends, and age-specific incidence patterns in selected geographic regions of the world. For the eight most common malignancies-cancers of lung, breast, colon and rectum, stomach, prostate, liver, cervix, and esophagus-the most important risk factors, cancer prevention and control measures are briefly reviewed. In 2002, an estimated 11 million new cancer cases and 7 million cancer deaths were reported worldwide; nearly 25 million persons were living with cancer. Among the eight most common cancers, global disparities in cancer incidence, mortality, and prevalence are evident, likely due to complex interactions of nonmodifiable (ie, genetic susceptibility and aging) and modifiable risk factors (ie, tobacco, infectious agents, diet, and physical activity). Indeed, when risk factors among populations are intertwined with differences in individual behaviors, cultural beliefs and practices, socioeconomic conditions, and health care systems, global cancer disparities are inevitable. For the eight most common cancers, priorities for reducing cancer disparities are discussed.

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          Author and article information

          Journal
          16682732
          10.1200/JCO.2005.05.2308

          Chemistry
          Cost of Illness,Global Health,Health Services Accessibility,Humans,Incidence,Neoplasms,epidemiology,mortality,prevention & control,Prevalence,Risk Factors

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