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      I comportamenti violenti nel sonno REM: aspetti clinici, criminologici e medico-legali

      Rivista di Criminologia, Vittimologia e Sicurezza
      Società Italiana Vittimologia

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          Night Terrors, Sleepwalking, and Confusional Arousals in the General Population

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              Visual hallucinations as REM sleep behavior disorders in patients with Parkinson's disease.

              To clarify whether visual hallucinations in patients with Parkinson's disease (PD) are related to rapid eye movement (REM) sleep, nocturnal polysomnographic variables were compared between a group with hallucinations (hallucinators, n = 14) and a group without hallucinations (nonhallucinators, n = 8). A multiple sleep latency test (MSLT) was performed on 3 hallucinators, and the content of dreams during daytime REM sleep was investigated. The efficacy of clonazepam, a standard treatment choice for REM sleep behavior disorders, was investigated in 8 hallucinators. Nocturnal polysomnograms of the hallucinators showed a higher amount of stage 1-REM sleep with tonic electromyogram (stage 1-REM) than the nonhallucinators, and the reported occurrences of nocturnal hallucinations corresponded with the periods of stage REM or stage 1-REM in most hallucinators. The frequency of sleep onset REM periods (SOREMP) on the MSLT were pathologically high in the hallucinators, and the content of the dreams during the MSLT period was quite similar to their hallucinations. During clonazepam treatment, the frequency of hallucinatory symptoms decreased in 5 of 8 hallucinators. These results indicate that visual hallucinations in PD are likely to be related to a REM sleep disorder manifested as the appearance of both stage 1-REM during the night and SOREMP in the daytime. Copyright 2003 Movement Disorder Society
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                Rivista di Criminologia, Vittimologia e Sicurezza
                Società Italiana Vittimologia
                1971-033X
                April 2011
                Article
                761a78e0-2779-4201-944c-88ddbc4c9516
                © 2011Società Italiana Vittimologia

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 Unported License. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

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                Social & Behavioral Sciences,Law
                Social & Behavioral Sciences, Law

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