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      Should we trust web-based studies? A comparative analysis of six preconceptions about internet questionnaires.

      The American psychologist
      Adult, Aged, Attitude, Evidence-Based Medicine, standards, Female, Humans, Internet, Male, Middle Aged, Psychology, Questionnaires

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          Abstract

          The rapid growth of the Internet provides a wealth of new research opportunities for psychologists. Internet data collection methods, with a focus on self-report questionnaires from self-selected samples, are evaluated and compared with traditional paper-and-pencil methods. Six preconceptions about Internet samples and data quality are evaluated by comparing a new large Internet sample (N = 361,703) with a set of 510 published traditional samples. Internet samples are shown to be relatively diverse with respect to gender, socioeconomic status, geographic region, and age. Moreover, Internet findings generalize across presentation formats, are not adversely affected by nonserious or repeat responders, and are consistent with findings from traditional methods. It is concluded that Internet methods can contribute to many areas of psychology. (c) 2004 APA, all rights reserved

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          Most cited references64

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          Four meta-analyses were conducted to examine gender differences in personality in the literature (1958-1992) and in normative data for well-known personality inventories (1940-1992). Males were found to be more assertive and had slightly higher self-esteem than females. Females were higher than males in extraversion, anxiety, trust, and, especially, tender-mindedness (e.g., nurturance). There were no noteworthy sex differences in social anxiety, impulsiveness, activity, ideas (e.g., reflectiveness), locus of control, and orderliness. Gender differences in personality traits were generally constant across ages, years of data collection, educational levels, and nations.
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                14992636
                10.1037/0003-066X.59.2.93

                Chemistry
                Adult,Aged,Attitude,Evidence-Based Medicine,standards,Female,Humans,Internet,Male,Middle Aged,Psychology,Questionnaires

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