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      Seroconversion of hepatitis B vaccine in infants related to the mother's serostatus in a community of São José dos Campos, state of São Paulo, Brazil.

      Author(s): 1 ,
      Publication date (Electronic):
      Journal: Clinics (Sao Paulo, Brazil)
      Publisher: FapUNIFESP (SciELO)

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          Abstract

          To detect seroconversion of hepatitis B vaccine and antibody waning 3 years after vaccination in children immunized according to the World Health Organization schedule and its relationship to the mother's serostatus during pregnancy.

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          Immunogenicity of hepatitis B vaccine in preterm and full term infants vaccinated within the first week of life.

          Márcia Freitas da Motta, Marisa Mussi-Pinhata, Salim Jorge … (2002)
          The immunogenicity of a Hepatitis B vaccine was evaluated in 110 neonates (57 full term and 53 preterm) born to Hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) negative mothers. Three 10 microg doses of recombinant Hepatitis B vaccine were administered: the first dose within the first week of life; the second between 1 and 2 months; and the third at 5-7 months of age. Anti-HBs antibody titres were measured 3 months after the third dose. The seroconversion rate in preterm infants (77%; 95% CI=64.7-87.1) was significantly lower than in full term infants (98%; 95% CI=91.6-99.9) while the mean anti-HBs titres among those infants that did seroconvert was lower in preterm (186.6 mIU ml(-1)) than in full term infants (537.5 mIU ml(-1)). More full term than preterm infants showed titres greater than 100 mIU ml(-1) (71.9 and 41.5%, respectively). We conclude that the administration of a recombinant Hepatitis B vaccine shortly after birth is less immunogenic in preterm infants weighing <1800 g at birth than in full term infants. Currently accepted recommendations for post exposure perinatal prophylaxis may be inadequate to protect preterm infants.
          Article 0 comments Cited 16 times – based on 0 reviews     Review now
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            Impact of hepatitis B immunisation as part of the EPI.

            Yong Poovorawan, Apiradee Theamboonlers, Thosporn Vimolket … (2000)
            Since 1992, hepatitis B vaccine has been an integrated part of Thailand's expanded programme on immunisation (EPI). Based on the data from five representative provinces, we have evaluated its impact on the countrywide prevalence of HBV infection and carrier rate. The population studied comprised 400-488 healthy and immuno-competent, subjects per area. The subjects' ages ranged from 6 months to 18 years. We examined their sera for viral hepatitis markers using commercially available test kits and established the coverage rate of hepatitis B vaccination after its inclusion into the EPI to be 71.2-94.3%. The number of individuals undergoing the complete course of vaccinations had increased four-fold. Consequently, only 0.7% of the children born after the implementation of this the novel EPI strategy were HBV carriers.
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              Long-term efficacy of plasma-derived hepatitis B vaccine: a 15-year follow-up study among Chinese children.

              Su-su Liao, Rong-cheng Li, Hui LI … (1999)
              To determine necessity and timing of booster of hepatitis B vaccine, we need to observe the duration of its protection. We report the results of a 15-year follow-up of a cohort of 649 children who participated a randomized, double blind, placebo-controlled trial on a plasma-derived hepatitis B vaccine in 1982. During the 15 years after vaccination, more vaccinated children had anti-HBs of 10 S/N ratios or over, compared with the controls, at all nine observations. At 15 years 50.0% (26/52) of the participants studied in the vaccinated group and 33.3% of the tested controls (18/54) retained anti-HBs levels of S/N ratios> or =10 (P < 0.09). However, since 5 years after vaccination, median S/N ratios of anti-HBs among the vaccinated children with detectable anti-HBs were lower than those of the controls except that detected at 15 years. 16.7% (9/54) of the tested children in the control group were HBsAg positive at 15 years after vaccination, in comparison with 1.9% (1/52) of the tested children in the vaccinated (P < 0.02). 28 chronic HBsAg carriers were identified in the control cohort over the 15 years, whereas only 1 case was noted in the vaccinated group (8.2% vs. 0.3%, P < 0.00001), corresponding to an efficacy of 96%.
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                Journal ID (iso-abbrev): Clinics (Sao Paulo)
                Title: Clinics (Sao Paulo, Brazil)
                Publisher: FapUNIFESP (SciELO)
                ISSN: 1807-5932
                ISSN (Print): 1807-5932
                Publication date (Electronic): Oct 2006
                Volume: 61
                Issue: 5
                Affiliations
                [1 ] Basic Health Unit of Campo dos Alemães, São José dos Campos, SP, Brazil.
                Article
                Publisher Item ID: S1807-59322006000500004
                DOI: 10.1590/s1807-59322006000500004
                PubMed ID: 17072435
                SO-VID: 9f071ff1-1fb5-485a-9f86-ee7d87ca3f63
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