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      A history of abuse and operative delivery--results from a European multi-country cohort study.

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          Abstract

          The main aim of this study was to assess whether a history of abuse, reported during pregnancy, was associated with an operative delivery. Secondly, we assessed if the association varied according to the type of abuse and if the reported abuse had been experienced as a child or an adult.

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          Most cited references24

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          Caesarean section without medical indications is associated with an increased risk of adverse short-term maternal outcomes: the 2004-2008 WHO Global Survey on Maternal and Perinatal Health

          Background There is worldwide debate about the appropriateness of caesarean sections performed without medical indications. In this analysis, we aim to further investigate the relationship between caesarean section without medical indication and severe maternal outcomes. Methods This is a multicountry, facility-based survey that used a stratified multistage cluster sampling design to obtain a sample of countries and health institutions worldwide. A total of 24 countries and 373 health facilities participated in this study. Data collection took place during 2004 and 2005 in Africa and the Americas and during 2007 and 2008 in Asia. All women giving birth at the facility during the study period were included and had their medical records reviewed before discharge from the hospital. Univariate and multilevel analysis were performed to study the association between each group's mode of delivery and the severe maternal and perinatal outcome. Results A total of 286,565 deliveries were analysed. The overall caesarean section rate was 25.7% and a total of 1.0 percent of all deliveries were caesarean sections without medical indications, either due to maternal request or in the absence of other recorded indications. Compared to spontaneous vaginal delivery, all other modes of delivery presented an association with the increased risk of death, admission to ICU, blood transfusion and hysterectomy, including antepartum caesarean section without medical indications (Adjusted Odds Ratio (Adj OR), 5.93, 95% Confidence Interval (95% CI), 3.88 to 9.05) and intrapartum caesarean section without medical indications (Adj OR, 14.29, 95% CI, 10.91 to 18.72). In addition, this association is stronger in Africa, compared to Asia and Latin America. Conclusions Caesarean sections were associated with an intrinsic risk of increased severe maternal outcomes. We conclude that caesarean sections should be performed when a clear benefit is anticipated, a benefit that might compensate for the higher costs and additional risks associated with this operation.
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            Intimate partner violence victimization prior to and during pregnancy among women residing in 26 U.S. states: associations with maternal and neonatal health.

            To conduct a population-based assessment of associations of intimate partner violence in the year prior to and during pregnancy with maternal and neonatal morbidity. Data from women giving birth in 26 U.S. states and participating in the 2000 to 2003 Pregnancy Risk Assessment Monitoring System (n = 118,579) were analyzed. Women reporting intimate partner violence in the year prior to pregnancy were at increased risk for high blood pressure or edema (adjusted odds ratio 1.37-1.40), vaginal bleeding (adjusted odds ratio 1.54-1.66), severe nausea, vomiting or dehydration (adjusted odds ratio 1.48-1.63), kidney infection or urinary tract infection (adjusted odds ratio 1.43-1.55), hospital visits related to such morbidity (adjusted odds ratio 1.45-1.48), and delivery preterm (adjusted odds ratio 1.37), of a low-birthweight infant (adjusted odds ratio 1.17), and an infant requiring intensive care unit care (adjusted odds ratio 1.31-1.33) compared with those not reporting intimate partner violence. Women reporting intimate partner violence during but not prior to pregnancy experienced higher rates of a subset of these concerns. Women experiencing intimate partner violence both prior to and during pregnancy are at risk for multiple poor maternal and infant health outcomes, suggesting prenatal risks to children from mothers' abusive partners.
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              Psychometric aspects of the W-DEQ; a new questionnaire for the measurement of fear of childbirth.

              Up to now it has been difficult to study fear of childbirth because of a shortage of adequate psychological measurements. Therefore the Wijma Delivery Expectancy/ Experience Questionnaire (W-DEQ) was developed. This paper presents the theoretical background of the W-DEQ together with a documentation of the first psychometric studies. Examination of construct validity indicates that it seems to be possible to penetrate a psychological construct related to fear of childbirth by means of the W-DEQ, both before and after delivery, in nulliparous as well as in parous women. The questionnaire measures the construct more clearly in parous than in nulliparous women. Internal consistency reliability and split-half reliability of the W-DEQ of > or = 0.87 are good for a new research instrument. More research is on its way to make the W-DEQ suitable even for measurements in applied settings.
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                PLoS ONE
                PloS one
                Public Library of Science (PLoS)
                1932-6203
                1932-6203
                2014
                : 9
                : 1
                Affiliations
                [1 ] Department of Public Health and General Practice, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway ; Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, St.Olav's University Hospital, Trondheim, Norway.
                [2 ] Department of Public Health and General Practice, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway ; Department of Health, Nutrition and Management, Oslo and Akershus University College of Applied Sciences, Oslo, Norway.
                [3 ] Department of Women's and Children's Health, Division of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Karolinska Institutet/University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden.
                [4 ] John Hopkins University, School of Nursing, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America.
                [5 ] Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia.
                [6 ] Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Landspitali University Hospital, Reykjavik, Iceland ; Directorate of Health, Reykjavik, Iceland.
                [7 ] Centre of Fetal Medicine, Department of Obstetrics, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark.
                [8 ] Centre of Fetal Medicine, Department of Obstetrics, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark ; Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
                [9 ] Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium.
                [10 ] Malmö University, Faculty of Health and Society, Malmö, Sweden.
                [11 ] Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Landspitali University Hospital, Reykjavik, Iceland ; Primary Health Care of the Capital Area, Centre of Development, Reykjavik, Iceland.
                Article
                PONE-D-13-42412
                10.1371/journal.pone.0087579
                3909197
                24498142
                fab2a467-8d5e-4304-b5ca-2d9cddeac301
                History

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