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      A new Peruvian species of Scybalocanthon Martínez, 1948 ( Coleoptera , Scarabaeidae , Scarabaeinae , Deltochilini ) and some remarkable intrapopulational variation in the endophallus of S. pinopterus (Kirsch, 1873)

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      Author(s): 1 , , 2
      Publication date (Electronic):
      Journal: ZooKeys
      Publisher: Pensoft Publishers
      Keywords: Dung beetles, neotropical fauna, taxonomy

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          Abstract

          Abstract

          Scybalocanthon ashei sp. nov. from Madre de Dios, Peru, is described based on differences in external and male genital morphology. Its diagnostic characters and an updated identification key to the species of the genus are provided as well as new distributional data for the following species: S. acrianus Silva & Valois, 2019, S. aereus (Schmidt, 1922), S. kaestneri (Balthasar, 1939) and S. pinopterus (Kirsch, 1873).

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          Biogeographical regionalisation of the Neotropical region

          Juan Morrone (2014)
          Article 0 comments Cited 147 times – based on 0 reviews     Review now
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            Biogeographical regionalisation of the Neotropical region.

            Juan Morrone (2014)
            A biogeographic regionalisation of the Neotropical region is proposed as a hierarchical classification of sub-regions, dominions, provinces and districts. This regionalisation is based on biogeographic analyses of terrestrial plant and animal taxa, and seeks to provide universality, objectivity and stability, such that it can be applied when describing distributional areas of particular taxa or comparing different biogeographic analyses. The Neotropical region is currently comprised of three sub-regions (Antillean, Brazilian and Chacoan), two transition zones (Mexican and South American), seven dominions (Mesoamerican, Pacific, Boreal Brazilian, Southwestern Amazonian, Southeastern Amazonian, Chacoan and Parana) and 53 provinces. For some of the latter, sub-provinces and districts are recognized. Complete synonymies and brief descriptions of the areas are provided, as well as the endemic taxa that diagnose the different provinces.
            Article 0 comments Cited 78 times – based on 0 reviews     Review now
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              Innovative Bayesian and Parsimony Phylogeny of Dung Beetles (Coleoptera, Scarabaeidae, Scarabaeinae) Enhanced by Ontology-Based Partitioning of Morphological Characters

              Sergei Tarasov, François Génier (2015)
              Scarabaeine dung beetles are the dominant dung feeding group of insects and are widely used as model organisms in conservation, ecology and developmental biology. Due to the conflicts among 13 recently published phylogenies dealing with the higher-level relationships of dung beetles, the phylogeny of this lineage remains largely unresolved. In this study, we conduct rigorous phylogenetic analyses of dung beetles, based on an unprecedented taxon sample (110 taxa) and detailed investigation of morphology (205 characters). We provide the description of morphology and thoroughly illustrate the used characters. Along with parsimony, traditionally used in the analysis of morphological data, we also apply the Bayesian method with a novel approach that uses anatomy ontology for matrix partitioning. This approach allows for heterogeneity in evolutionary rates among characters from different anatomical regions. Anatomy ontology generates a number of parameter-partition schemes which we compare using Bayes factor. We also test the effect of inclusion of autapomorphies in the morphological analysis, which hitherto has not been examined. Generally, schemes with more parameters were favored in the Bayesian comparison suggesting that characters located on different body regions evolve at different rates and that partitioning of the data matrix using anatomy ontology is reasonable; however, trees from the parsimony and all the Bayesian analyses were quite consistent. The hypothesized phylogeny reveals many novel clades and provides additional support for some clades recovered in previous analyses. Our results provide a solid basis for a new classification of dung beetles, in which the taxonomic limits of the tribes Dichotomiini, Deltochilini and Coprini are restricted and many new tribes must be described. Based on the consistency of the phylogeny with biogeography, we speculate that dung beetles may have originated in the Mesozoic contrary to the traditional view pointing to a Cenozoic origin.
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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                Fernando A. B. Silva
                Journal
                Journal ID (nlm-ta): Zookeys
                Journal ID (iso-abbrev): Zookeys
                Journal ID (publisher-id): 2
                Journal ID (index): urn:lsid:arphahub.com:pub:45048D35-BB1D-5CE8-9668-537E44BD4C7E
                Journal ID (aggregator): urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:91BD42D4-90F1-4B45-9350-EEF175B1727A
                Title: ZooKeys
                Publisher: Pensoft Publishers
                ISSN (Print): 1313-2989
                ISSN (Electronic): 1313-2970
                Publication date Collection: 2019
                Publication date (Electronic): 30 October 2019
                Volume: 884
                Pages: 69-80
                Affiliations
                [1 ] Universidade Federal do Pará, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, setor de Zoologia. Rua Augusto Corrêa, 01. Guamá. Belém PA 66075-110, Brazil Universidade Federal do Pará Belém Brazil
                [2 ] Beaty Centre for Species Discovery, Canadian Museum of Nature, P.O. Box 3443, Station D, Ottawa, Ontario K1P 6P4, Canada Canadian Museum of Nature Ottawa Canada
                Author notes
                Corresponding author: Fernando A. B. Silva ( fernandoabsilva@ 123456yahoo.com.br )

                Academic editor: A.Frolov

                Author information
                https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5399-8412
                Article
                Accession ID: PMC6834722 Pmcid ID: PMC6834722 Pmc-uid ID: 6834722 Publisher ID: 39322
                DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.884.39322
                PMC ID: 6834722
                PubMed ID: 31723327
                SO-VID: 017dfc48-f31f-45df-9313-97870f0eba5b
                License:

                This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the CC0 Public Domain Dedication.

                History
                Date received : 21 August 2019
                Date accepted : 13 September 2019
                Funding
                Funded by: Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico 501100003593 http://doi.org/10.13039/501100003593
                Categories
                Subject: Research Article
                Subject: Animalia
                Subject: Arthropoda
                Subject: Coleoptera
                Subject: Hexapoda
                Subject: Insecta
                Subject: Invertebrata
                Subject: Polyphaga
                Subject: Scarabaeidae
                Subject: Scarabaeoidea
                Subject: Identification Key
                Subject: Systematics
                Subject: Taxonomy
                Subject: Cenozoic
                Subject: Amazon Basin
                Subject: Americas
                Subject: Peru
                Subject: South America

                Keywords: taxonomy,Dung beetles,neotropical fauna
                Data availability:
                Keywords: taxonomy, Dung beetles, neotropical fauna

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