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      Two new genera with species of the tribe Sarimini ( Hemiptera , Fulgoromorpha , Issidae ) from China

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          Abstract

          Tempsarima Chang & Chen, gen. nov. ( Hemiptera : Issidae : Sarimini ), with type species Tempsarima bipunctata Chang & Chen, sp. nov. and Tetrichina Chang & Chen, gen. nov. ( Hemiptera : Issidae : Sarimini ), with type species Tetrichina trihamulata Chang & Chen, sp. nov. are described and illustrated from Hainan Province of China. The female genitalia characters of Issidae are discussed.

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          From micropterism to hyperpterism: recognition strategy and standardized homology-driven terminology of the forewing venation patterns in planthoppers (Hemiptera: Fulgoromorpha)

          Following recent advances in the morphological interpretations of the tegmen basal cell margins in the Paraneoptera, a standardized and homology-driven groundplan terminology for tegmina types, structures and vein patterns in Hemiptera Fulgoromorpha, including fossils, is proposed. Each term is listed with a morphological definition, compared and linked to the main systems of planthopper forewing description that have been reviewed. The importance of a standardized and homology-driven terminology is stressed to enhance the quality of data in taxonomic descriptions and to strengthen phylogenetic morphological analysis results. When the interpretation of the origin of vein branches is render difficult, a three-step strategy for pattern recognition of the vein is proposed based on two principles: (1) vein forks are more informative than topology of the vein branches: a search for homologous areas, the nodal cells in particular, must first guide the recognition rather the number of branches of a vein, and (2) minimum of ad hoc evolutionary events should be invoked in the understanding of a modified vein pattern. Examples of some conflicting interpretations of venation patterns in planthoppers are discussed within different families for both extant and extinct taxa. For the first time, the concept of brachypterism is defined in a non-relative way independently from other structures, and the new one of hyperpterism is proposed; a reporting system is proposed for each of them.
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            Female Genitalia in Hemiptera Fulgoromorpha, Morphological and Phylogenetic Data

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              Planthopper family Issidae (Insecta: Hemiptera: Fulgoromorpha): linking molecular phylogeny with classification

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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                Journal
                Zookeys
                Zookeys
                2
                urn:lsid:arphahub.com:pub:45048D35-BB1D-5CE8-9668-537E44BD4C7E
                urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:91BD42D4-90F1-4B45-9350-EEF175B1727A
                ZooKeys
                Pensoft Publishers
                1313-2989
                1313-2970
                2020
                06 August 2020
                : 956
                : 31-47
                Affiliations
                [1 ] Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction in the Plateau Mountainous Region, Ministry of Education, College of Animal Science, Guizhou University, Guiyang, Guizhou, 550025, China Guizhou University Guiyang China
                [2 ] Institute of Entomology / Special Key Laboratory for Developing and Utilizing of Insect Resources, Guizhou University, Guiyang, Guizhou, 550025, China Guizhou University Guiyang China
                [3 ] The Provincial Key Laboratory for Agricultural Pest Management of Mountainous Regions, Guizhou University, Guiyang, Guizhou, 550025, China Guizhou University Guiyang China
                Author notes
                Corresponding author: Xiang-Sheng Chen ( chenxs3218@ 123456163.com )

                Academic editor: Mike Wilson

                Author information
                https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7247-9706
                Article
                PMC7426278 PMC7426278 7426278 47784
                10.3897/zookeys.956.47784
                7426278
                32855599
                46bd5f4d-801b-4c7f-a1d3-2336cff238a7

                This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the CC0 Public Domain Dedication.

                History
                : 30 October 2019
                : 15 June 2020
                Categories
                Research Article
                Issidae
                Taxonomy
                Cenozoic
                China

                Oriental region,planthopper,Female genitalia,taxonomy,issid,morphology

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