16
views
0
recommends
+1 Recommend
1 collections
    0
    shares

      Call for Papers: Green Renal Replacement Therapy: Caring for the Environment

      Submit here before July 31, 2024

      About Blood Purification: 3.0 Impact Factor I 5.6 CiteScore I 0.83 Scimago Journal & Country Rank (SJR)

      • Record: found
      • Abstract: found
      • Article: found

      Electron paramagnetic resonance imaging of oxidative stress in renal disease.

      Nephron. Clinical practice
      Animals, Electron Spin Resonance Spectroscopy, Humans, Kidney Diseases, diagnosis, metabolism, Oxidative Stress

      Read this article at

      ScienceOpenPublisherPubMed
          There is no author summary for this article yet. Authors can add summaries to their articles on ScienceOpen to make them more accessible to a non-specialist audience.

          Abstract

          The importance of analyzing the kinetics of reactive oxygen species or related substances in vivo is increasing. Electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) is currently a powerful method for in vivo, non-invasive analysis of oxidative stress. We have applied EPR imaging for murine renal ischemia-reperfusion injury, as a model of acute renal damage, and NF-E2-related factor 2 (Nrf2)-deficient mice, a model for chronic progressive renal disease. In the ischemia-reperfusion model, EPR imaging revealed that the renal radical-reducing activity showed only partial recovery when serum creatinine and BUN have recovered. In the Nrf2-deficient mice, we have revealed that the impaired antioxidant activity is brought by both Nrf2 deficiency and the aging process and may play a key role in the onset of autoimmune nephritis in this model. In addition, EPR imaging is recently being applied to the redox analysis of several nephrosis models, hypertensive rats and streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. This article summarizes the nephrological application of EPR imaging and in vivo EPR. Copyright 2006 S. Karger AG, Basel.

          Related collections

          Most cited references17

          • Record: found
          • Abstract: not found
          • Article: not found

          Trapping of free radicals with direct in vivo EPR detection: a comparison of 5,5-dimethyl-1-pyrroline-N-oxide and 5-diethoxyphosphoryl-5-methyl-1-pyrroline-N-oxide as spin traps for HO and SO4•−

            Bookmark
            • Record: found
            • Abstract: found
            • Article: not found

            Oxidative stress measurement by in vivo electron spin resonance spectroscopy in rats with streptozotocin-induced diabetes.

            Enhanced oxidative stress in diabetic patients may contribute to the pathogenesis of diabetic angiopathy. We have recently developed a method to determine the electron spin resonance (ESR, electron paramagnetic resonance; EPR) of reactive oxygen species and free radicals in vivo, using the nitroxide derivative, carbamoyl-PROXYL as a probe. In this study, diabetes was induced in Wistar rats by streptozotocin (STZ) injection (65 mg/kg, body weight, intravenously). Two, 4, and 8 weeks later, the animals received carbamoyl-PROXYL (300 nmol/g, intravenously), and ESR was measured at the upper abdominal level at a frequency of 300 MHz. The intensity of the carbamoyl-PROXYL ESR signal decreased gradually after the injection, and the spin clearance rate was determined over the first 5 min. At all time points, the spin clearance rate was significantly greater in the diabetic rats than in control rats. Moreover, the spin clearance rate in the diabetic rats was significantly correlated with urinary malondialdehyde (MDA) levels, which serve as a marker for lipid peroxidation. Daily treatment with 4 units neutral protamin Hagedorn (NPH) insulin for 4 weeks reduced the spin clearance rate in the diabetic rats. Simultaneous injection of carbamoyl-PROXYL and superoxide dismutase reduced the spin clearance rate in the diabetic rats in a dose-dependent manner. Injection of the antioxidant alpha-tocopherol (40 mg/kg, intraperitoneally) for 2 weeks restored the spin clearance rate in the diabetic rats without concomitant glycaemic restoration. These results suggest that a diabetic state enhances the generation of free radicals in vivo, and that both glycaemic control and antioxidant treatment can reduce this oxidative stress. Non-invasive in vivo ESR measurement may be useful for evaluating oxidative stress in diabetes.
              Bookmark
              • Record: found
              • Abstract: found
              • Article: not found

              In vivo imaging of oxidative stress in the kidney of diabetic mice and its normalization by angiotensin II type 1 receptor blocker.

              This study was undertaken to evaluate oxidative stress in the kidney of diabetic mice by electron spin resonance (ESR) imaging technique. Oxidative stress in the kidney was evaluated as organ-specific reducing activity with the signal decay rates of carbamoyl-PROXYL probe using ESR imaging. The signal decay rates were significantly faster in corresponding image pixels of the kidneys of streptozotocin-induced diabetic mice than in those of controls. This technique further demonstrated that administration of angiotensin II type 1 receptor blocker (ARB), olmesartan (5 mg/kg), completely restored the signal decay rates in the diabetic kidneys to control values. In conclusion, this study provided for the first time the in vivo evidence for increased oxidative stress in the kidneys of diabetic mice and its normalization by ARB as evaluated by ESR imaging. This technique would be useful as a means of further elucidating the role of oxidative stress in diabetic nephropathy.
                Bookmark

                Author and article information

                Journal
                16543759
                10.1159/000090612

                Chemistry
                Animals,Electron Spin Resonance Spectroscopy,Humans,Kidney Diseases,diagnosis,metabolism,Oxidative Stress

                Comments

                Comment on this article