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      Gonadal steroids regulate dendritic spine density in hippocampal pyramidal cells in adulthood

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      The Journal of Neuroscience
      Society for Neuroscience

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          Abstract

          Gonadal steroids are known to influence hippocampal physiology in adulthood. It is presently unknown whether gonadal steroids influence the morphology of hippocampal neurons in the adult intact rat brain. In order to determine whether female sex hormones influence hippocampal morphology in the intact adult, we performed Golgi impregnation on brains from ovariectomized rats and ovariectomized rats which received estradiol or estradiol and progesterone replacement. Removal of circulating gonadal steroids by ovariectomy of adult female rats resulted in a profound decrease in dendritic spine density in CA1 pyramidal cells of the hippocampus. Estradiol replacement prevented the observed decrease in dendritic spine density; progesterone augmented the effect of estradiol within a short time period (5 hr). Ovariectomy or gonadal steroid replacement did not affect spine density of CA3 pyramidal cells or granule cells of the dentate gyrus. These results demonstrate that gonadal steroids are necessary for the maintenance of normal adult CA1 hippocampal pyramidal cell structure. The short time course required to observe these effects (3 d for the estradiol effect and 5 hr for the progesterone effect) implies that CA1 pyramidal cell dendritic spine density may fluctuate during the normal (4–5 d) rat estrous cycle.

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          Author and article information

          Journal
          J Neurosci
          J. Neurosci
          jneuro
          The Journal of Neuroscience
          Society for Neuroscience
          0270-6474
          1529-2401
          1 April 1990
          : 10
          : 4
          : 1286-1291
          Affiliations
          Laboratory of Neuroendocrinology, Rockefeller University, New York, New York 10021.
          Article
          PMC6570209 PMC6570209 6570209 jneuro;10/4/1286
          10.1523/JNEUROSCI.10-04-01286.1990
          6570209
          2329377
          1b0a05e4-7fa7-45c2-b821-f5e6965f00ef
          © 1990 by Society for Neuroscience
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          10/4/1286
          1286

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