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      Análise da distribuição espacial de larvas de Aedes aegypti na Ilha do Governador, Rio de Janeiro, Brasil Translated title: Spatial analysis of Aedes aegypti larval distribution in the Ilha do Governador neighborhood of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil

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          Abstract

          Este trabalho visa contribuir para o conhecimento sobre Aedes aegypti no Rio de Janeiro com base na análise espacial de seus criadouros na Ilha do Governador, Rio de Janeiro, entre junho de 1992 e julho de 1994. Propõe a utilização de técnicas de análise de dados espaciais na vigilância e controle desse vetor. Utilizaram-se informações obtidas na Fundação Nacional de Saúde (FNS) que relatam em quais quarteirões foram encontradas larvas de A. aegypti e o número de residências por quarteirão. Na análise espacial, utilizou-se o método Kernel gaussiano. Entre o ciclo 4 e 5 e entre o 5 e 6, observam-se intervalos de atividades da FNS, seguidos de aumento da densidade de quarteirões positivos e da abrangência de suas áreas. Locais permanentemente positivos, como a região de favela e a vila militar 1, mostram a manutenção de ambientes propícios para ovipostura e crescimento de larvas, indicando falhas no controle do vetor. Embora Kernel seja um método de análise exploratória de interpretação subjetiva, possibilita fácil e rápida visualização de localidades expostas a diferentes graus de risco, sem serem afetadas pelas divisões político-administrativas existentes.

          Translated abstract

          This study aims to help expand knowledge on Aedes aegypti in Rio de Janeiro, based on spatial analysis of the mosquito's breeding sites in the neighborhood of Ilha do Governador, Rio de Janeiro, from June 1992 to July 1994. Use of spatial analysis techniques is proposed for vector surveillance and control. Information obtained from the National Health Foundation shows which city blocks were positive for A. aegypti larvae and the number of dwellings per block that were used for the analysis. A smoothing method, a Gaussian Kernel, was used in the spatial distribution analysis. Breaks in National Health Foundation intervention activities were observed between cycles 4 and 5 and 5 and 6, respectively, followed by increases in vector density and vector-positive areas. Permanently positive areas, like slums and a military compound, display the persistence of favorable environmental conditions for oviposition and larval growth, indicating flaws in the vector control program. Although Kernel is an exploratory analytical method involving subjective interpretation, it provides easy and fast visualization of sites subject to different degrees of risk, unaffected by existing political and administrative territorial apportionment.

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          Most cited references55

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          Dengue y dengue hemorrágico en las Américas: guías para su prevención y control

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            Short report: dispersal of Aedes aegypti in an urban area after blood feeding as demonstrated by rubidium-marked eggs.

            Strategies for the control of Aedes aegypti during urban outbreaks of dengue or yellow fever assume that this species has a maximum flight range of 50-100 meters. Because Ae. aegypti distributes its eggs among several oviposition sites, we postulated that dispersal is driven by the search for oviposition sites, so an ovipositing female may have to fly much further than 50-100 meters to lay all of her eggs. We developed a method for marking Ae. aegypti eggs with a rare alkali metal (rubidium) and showed that in an urban area, oviposition activity in a single gonotrophic cycle lasts several days and covers an area at least 840 meters in diameter (55.4 hectares). We suggest that current practice for the control of dengue and yellow fever transmission by focal treatments with insecticides 50-100 meters around presumed or confirmed cases is unlikely to be effective. Moreover, source reduction (the elimination of breeding sites) may enhance dissemination of virus-infected mosquitoes by reducing the number of available oviposition sites.
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              Dynamic life table model for Aedes aegypti (diptera: Culicidae): simulation results and validation.

              The container-inhabiting mosquito simulation model (CIMSiM) is a weather-driven, dynamic life table simulation model of Aedes aegypti (L.) and similar nondiapausing Aedes mosquitoes that inhabit artificial and natural containers. This paper presents a validation of CIMSiM simulating Ae. aegypti using several independent series of data that were not used in model development. Validation data sets include laboratory work designed to elucidate the role of diet on fecundity and rates of larval development and survival. Comparisons are made with four field studies conducted in Bangkok, Thailand, on seasonal changes in population dynamics and with a field study in New Orleans, LA, on larval habitat. Finally, predicted ovipositional activity of Ae. aegypti in seven cities in the southeastern United States for the period 1981-1985 is compared with a data set developed by the U.S. Public Health Service. On the basis of these comparisons, we believe that, for stated design goals, CIMSiM adequately simulates the population dynamics of Ae. aegypti in response to specific information on weather and immature habitat. We anticipate that it will be useful in simulation studies concerning the development and optimization of control strategies and that, with further field validation, can provide entomological inputs for a dengue virus transmission model.
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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Journal
                csp
                Cadernos de Saúde Pública
                Cad. Saúde Pública
                Escola Nacional de Saúde Pública Sergio Arouca, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (Rio de Janeiro )
                1678-4464
                January 2000
                : 16
                : 1
                : 31-42
                Affiliations
                [1 ] Fundação Oswaldo Cruz Brazil
                [2 ] Fundação Oswaldo Cruz Brazil
                Article
                S0102-311X2000000100004
                58a8fbc7-d052-476b-93a5-8e9f5db034d6

                http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

                History
                Product

                SciELO Brazil

                Self URI (journal page): http://www.scielosp.org/scielo.php?script=sci_serial&pid=0102-311X&lng=en
                Categories
                Health Policy & Services

                Public health
                Aedes aegypti,Dengue,Vector Control,Spatial analysis,Controle de Vetores,Análise Espacial

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