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      Programmed cell death and the immune system.

      Author(s): 1 , 2
      Publication date (Electronic):
      Journal: Nature reviews. Immunology
      Publisher: Springer Nature

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          Abstract

          More than 50 years ago, cells were observed to die during insect development via a process that was named 'programmed cell death'. Later, a similar cell death process was found to occur in humans, and the process was renamed 'apoptosis'. In the 1990s, a number of apoptosis-regulating molecules were identified, and apoptosis was found to have essential roles in the immune system. In this Timeline article, we highlight the key events that have demonstrated the importance of programmed cell death processes, including apoptosis and programmed necrosis, in the immune system.

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          Most cited references59

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          Identification of programmed cell death in situ via specific labeling of nuclear DNA fragmentation

          SA Ben-Sasson, Y Sherman, Y Gavrieli (1992)
          Programmed cell death (PCD) plays a key role in developmental biology and in maintenance of the steady state in continuously renewing tissues. Currently, its existence is inferred mainly from gel electrophoresis of a pooled DNA extract as PCD was shown to be associated with DNA fragmentation. Based on this observation, we describe here the development of a method for the in situ visualization of PCD at the single-cell level, while preserving tissue architecture. Conventional histological sections, pretreated with protease, were nick end labeled with biotinylated poly dU, introduced by terminal deoxy- transferase, and then stained using avidin-conjugated peroxidase. The reaction is specific, only nuclei located at positions where PCD is expected are stained. The initial screening includes: small and large intestine, epidermis, lymphoid tissues, ovary, and other organs. A detailed analysis revealed that the process is initiated at the nuclear periphery, it is relatively short (1-3 h from initiation to cell elimination) and that PCD appears in tissues in clusters. The extent of tissue-PCD revealed by this method is considerably greater than apoptosis detected by nuclear morphology, and thus opens the way for a variety of studies.
          Article 0 comments Cited 828 times – based on 0 reviews     Review now
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            Pro-inflammatory programmed cell death.

            Brad T Cookson, Molly A Brennan (2001)
            Article 0 comments Cited 655 times – based on 0 reviews     Review now
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              A novel assay for apoptosis Flow cytometric detection of phosphatidylserine expression on early apoptotic cells using fluorescein labelled Annexin V

              István Vermes, Clemens Haanen, Helga Steffens-Nakken … (1995)
              Article 0 comments Cited 477 times – based on 0 reviews     Review now
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                Journal ID (iso-abbrev): Nat. Rev. Immunol.
                Title: Nature reviews. Immunology
                Publisher: Springer Nature
                ISSN (Electronic): 1474-1741
                ISSN (Print): 1474-1733
                Publication date (Electronic): May 2017
                Volume: 17
                Issue: 5
                Affiliations
                [1 ] Laboratory of Biochemistry and Immunology, World Premier International Immunology Frontier Research Center, Osaka University, Osaka 565-0871, Japan.
                [2 ] Laboratory of Immune Regulation, School of Life Science, Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, 1432-1 Horinouchi, Hachioji, Tokyo 192-0392, Japan.
                Article
                Publisher Item ID: nri.2016.153
                DOI: 10.1038/nri.2016.153
                PubMed ID: 28163302
                SO-VID: 10accf5a-0d4a-4e73-bda7-4d2c7998b74f
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