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      Is gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonist usage really leading to thyroid dysfunction?

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          Abstract

          Objectives

          Gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonist (GnRHa) could influence the levels of sex hormones and thyroid hormones. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of GnRHa on thyroid function.

          Materials and methods

          The data of the patients were collected from the registrations of July 2014–October 2014. A total of 41 women who underwent one-time IVF cyclus were evaluated in this cross-sectional study. The patients were categorized into two groups according to the serum T 3, T 4, and TSH levels before and 2 weeks’ after the administration of GnRHa.

          Results

          Mean basal TSH and mean TSH levels on hCG day were 1.98 ± 0.77 and 1.75 ± 0.70, respectively. The difference between the two groups was statistically significant ( p < 0.05). GnRHa did not lead to statistically significant difference on serum-free T 3 and T 4 levels.

          Conclusions

          In conclusion, our results demonstrate that GnRHa led to a decrease on serum TSH level. Serum-free T 3 and T 4 levels were remained unchanged and this might be due to early measurement of the hormone levels (just 2 weeks later from GnRHa administration).

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          Most cited references11

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          GnRH and GnRH receptors in the pathophysiology of the human female reproductive system.

          Roberto Maggi, Anna Cariboni, Marina Montagnani Marelli … (2016)
          Human reproduction depends on an intact hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal (HPG) axis. Hypothalamic gonadotrophin-releasing hormone (GnRH) has been recognized, since its identification in 1971, as the central regulator of the production and release of the pituitary gonadotrophins that, in turn, regulate the gonadal functions and the production of sex steroids. The characteristic peculiar development, distribution and episodic activity of GnRH-producing neurons have solicited an interdisciplinary interest on the etiopathogenesis of several reproductive diseases. The more recent identification of a GnRH/GnRH receptor (GnRHR) system in both the human endometrium and ovary has widened the spectrum of action of the peptide and of its analogues beyond its hypothalamic function.
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            Gonadotropin-releasing hormone and its analogues.

            P M Conn, W Crowley (1991)
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              Thyroid Dysfunction Associated with Administration of the Long-Acting Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone Agonist

              Eun Jin Han, Ha Song, Ji Hoon Yang … (2013)
              Gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) agonist has been used in the treatment of a wide variety of sex-hormone-related diseases, as the administration of GnRH agonist can alter the secretion of gonadotropin and sex hormones. Recently, we found that the long-acting GnRH agonist aggravated hyperthyroidism and induced painless thyroiditis. This is the first report to demonstrate the association of thyroid dysfunction with GnRH agonist injection in Korea. Here, we report three cases and emphasize the clinical importance of this aggravating factor in autoimmune thyroid disease.
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                Journal ID (pmc): imas
                Journal ID (publisher-id): 1646
                Title: Interventional Medicine and Applied Science
                Abbreviated Title: IMAS
                Publisher: Akadémiai Kiadó (Budapest )
                ISSN (Print): 2061-1617
                ISSN (Electronic): 2061-5094
                Publication date (Print): 16 September 2020
                Publication date (Electronic): 11 November 2019
                Volume: 11
                Issue: 3
                Pages: 136-138
                Affiliations
                [ 1 ]Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Zekai Tahir Burak Women’s Health Education and Research Hospital , Ankara, Turkey
                [ 2 ]Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine, Bozok University , Yozgat, Turkey
                Author notes
                [* ]Corresponding author: Mustafa Kara; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine, Bozok University, Adnan Menderes Boulevard No. 44, 66200 Yozgat, Turkey; Phone: +90 354 212 70 01; Fax: +90 354 212 27 89; GSM: +90 533 622 65 01; E-mails: mustafa.kara@ 123456bozok.edu.tr ; m.kara66@ 123456hotmail.com
                Article
                DOI: 10.1556/1646.10.2018.32
                SO-VID: 6f3e5e28-f733-4606-8a6b-c1614b7d9270
                Copyright © © 2019 The Author(s)
                License:

                This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium for non-commercial purposes, provided the original author and source are credited, a link to the CC License is provided, and changes – if any – are indicated.

                History
                Date received : 11 April 2018
                Date revision received : 10 May 2018
                Date accepted : 22 May 2018
                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 2, Equations: 0, References: 11, Pages: 3
                Funding
                Funding sources: None.

                ScienceOpen disciplines: Medicine,Immunology,Health & Social care,Microbiology & Virology,Infectious disease & Microbiology
                Keywords: infertility,GnRHa,gonadotropin,thyroid hormones,IVF–ICSI
                Data availability:
                ScienceOpen disciplines: Medicine, Immunology, Health & Social care, Microbiology & Virology, Infectious disease & Microbiology
                Keywords: infertility, GnRHa, gonadotropin, thyroid hormones, IVF–ICSI

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