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      Guidelines for the management of adult lower respiratory tract infections--full version.

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      Journal: Clinical Microbiology and Infection
      Keywords: Adult, Bronchiectasis, drug therapy, Community-Acquired Infections, Cross Infection, Disease Management, Evidence-Based Medicine, Humans, Pneumonia, Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive, Respiratory Tract Infections

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          Abstract

          This document is an update of Guidelines published in 2005 and now includes scientific publications through to May 2010. It provides evidence-based recommendations for the most common management questions occurring in routine clinical practice in the management of adult patients with LRTI. Topics include management outside hospital, management inside hospital (including community-acquired pneumonia (CAP), acute exacerbations of COPD (AECOPD), acute exacerbations of bronchiectasis) and prevention. Background sections and graded evidence tables are also included. The target audience for the Guideline is thus all those whose routine practice includes the management of adult LRTI. © 2011 The Authors. Clinical Microbiology and Infection © 2011 European Society of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases.

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          Identification of a Novel Coronavirus in Patients with Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome

          Christian Drosten, Stephan Günther, Wolfgang Preiser … (2003)
          The severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) has recently been identified as a new clinical entity. SARS is thought to be caused by an unknown infectious agent. Clinical specimens from patients with SARS were searched for unknown viruses with the use of cell cultures and molecular techniques. A novel coronavirus was identified in patients with SARS. The virus was isolated in cell culture, and a sequence 300 nucleotides in length was obtained by a polymerase-chain-reaction (PCR)-based random-amplification procedure. Genetic characterization indicated that the virus is only distantly related to known coronaviruses (identical in 50 to 60 percent of the nucleotide sequence). On the basis of the obtained sequence, conventional and real-time PCR assays for specific and sensitive detection of the novel virus were established. Virus was detected in a variety of clinical specimens from patients with SARS but not in controls. High concentrations of viral RNA of up to 100 million molecules per milliliter were found in sputum. Viral RNA was also detected at extremely low concentrations in plasma during the acute phase and in feces during the late convalescent phase. Infected patients showed seroconversion on the Vero cells in which the virus was isolated. The novel coronavirus might have a role in causing SARS. Copyright 2003 Massachusetts Medical Society
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            Avian influenza A (H5N1) infection in humans.

            John H Beigel, Jeremy Farrar, Aye Han … (2005)
            Article 0 comments Cited 435 times – based on 0 reviews     Review now
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              Mycoplasma pneumoniae and its role as a human pathogen.

              Ken B Waites, Deborah F. Talkington (2004)
              Mycoplasma pneumoniae is a unique bacterium that does not always receive the attention it merits considering the number of illnesses it causes and the degree of morbidity associated with it in both children and adults. Serious infections requiring hospitalization, while rare, occur in both adults and children and may involve multiple organ systems. The severity of disease appears to be related to the degree to which the host immune response reacts to the infection. Extrapulmonary complications involving all of the major organ systems can occur in association with M. pneumoniae infection as a result of direct invasion and/or autoimmune response. The extrapulmonary manifestations are sometimes of greater severity and clinical importance than the primary respiratory infection. Evidence for this organism's contributory role in chronic lung conditions such as asthma is accumulating. Effective management of M. pneumoniae infections can usually be achieved with macrolides, tetracyclines, or fluoroquinolones. As more is learned about the pathogenesis and immune response elicited by M. pneumoniae, improvement in methods for diagnosis and prevention of disease due to this organism may occur.
              Article 0 comments Cited 368 times – based on 0 reviews     Review now
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                PubMed ID:: 21951385
                DOI:: 10.1111/j.1469-0691.2011.03672.x

                ScienceOpen disciplines: Chemistry
                Keywords: Adult,Bronchiectasis,drug therapy,Community-Acquired Infections,Cross Infection,Disease Management,Evidence-Based Medicine,Humans,Pneumonia,Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive,Respiratory Tract Infections
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                ScienceOpen disciplines: Chemistry
                Keywords: Adult, Bronchiectasis, drug therapy, Community-Acquired Infections, Cross Infection, Disease Management, Evidence-Based Medicine, Humans, Pneumonia, Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive, Respiratory Tract Infections

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