Management of Hyperglycemia in Type 2 Diabetes, 2018. A Consensus Report by the American Diabetes Association (ADA) and the European Association for the Study of Diabetes (EASD)
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Abstract
The American Diabetes Association and the European Association for the Study of Diabetes
convened a panel to update the prior position statements, published in 2012 and 2015,
on the management of type 2 diabetes in adults. A systematic evaluation of the literature
since 2014 informed new recommendations. These include additional focus on lifestyle
management and diabetes self-management education and support. For those with obesity,
efforts targeting weight loss, including lifestyle, medication, and surgical interventions,
are recommended. With regards to medication management, for patients with clinical
cardiovascular disease, a sodium–glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitor or a glucagon-like
peptide 1 (GLP-1) receptor agonist with proven cardiovascular benefit is recommended.
For patients with chronic kidney disease or clinical heart failure and atherosclerotic
cardiovascular disease, an SGLT2 inhibitor with proven benefit is recommended. GLP-1
receptor agonists are generally recommended as the first injectable medication.