Article Information
Accepted for Publication: November 15, 2017.
Corresponding Author: Jennifer E. Ho, MD, Cardiovascular Research Center, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts
General Hospital, 185 Cambridge St, Simches Research Bldg 3192, Boston, MA 02114 (
jho1@
123456mgh.harvard.edu
).
Published Online: January 10, 2018. doi:10.1001/jamacardio.2017.4987
Author Contributions: Drs de Boer, Nayor, deFilippi, Enserro, van Gilst, Gottdiener, Bertoni, and Ho contributed
equally to this work. Dr Ho had full access to all the data in the study and takes
responsibility for the integrity of the data and the accuracy of the data analysis.
Study concept and design: de Boer, Nayor, Enserro, Blaha, Brouwers, Lima, Bahrami, Psaty, Januzzi, Shah, Levy,
Larson, van Gilst, Ho.
Acquisition, analysis, or interpretation of data: de Boer, Nayor, deFilippi, Enserro, Bhambhani, Kizer, Brouwers, Cushman, Lima, Bahrami,
van der Harst, Wang, Gansevoort, Gaggin, Kop, Liu, Vasan, Lee, Hillege, Bartz, Benjamin,
Chan, Allison, Gardin, Shah, Levy, Herrington, van Gilst, Bertoni, Ho.
Drafting of the manuscript: de Boer, Nayor, Enserro, Januzzi, Ho.
Critical revision of the manuscript for important intellectual content: Nayor, deFilippi, Enserro, Bhambhani, Kizer, Blaha, Brouwers, Cushman, Lima, Bahrami,
van der Harst, Wang, Gansevoort, Fox, Gaggin, Kop, Liu, Vasan, Psaty, Lee, Hillege,
Bartz, Benjamin, Chan, Allison, Gardin, Januzzi, Shah, Levy, Herrington, Larson, van
Gilst, Bertoni, Ho.
Statistical analysis: de Boer, Nayor, Enserro, Bhambhani, Bahrami, Ho.
Obtained funding: de Boer, van der Harst, Gansevoort, Psaty, Levy, van Gilst, Ho.
Administrative, technical, or material support: Brouwers, Cushman, Lima, van der Harst, Gansevoort, Lee, Hillege, Bartz, Chan, Ho.
Study supervision: de Boer, Blaha, Brouwers, Cushman, van der Harst, Benjamin, Allison, Januzzi, Shah,
Larson, van Gilst, Ho.
Conflict of Interest Disclosures: All authors have completed and submitted the ICMJE Form for Disclosure of Potential
Conflicts of Interest. Dr de Boer reported receiving grants from AstraZeneca, Bristol-Meyers
Squibb, and Trevena; serving as a consultant for and receiving research and/or personal
honoraria from Roche; and serving as a consultant for and receiving research and/or
personal honoraria from Novartis. Dr DeFilippi reported receiving research support
from Roche Diagnostics; receiving consulting fees from Roche, Siemens Healthcare Diagnostics,
Alere, Metanomics, and Ortho Diagnostics; serving on the end-point committee for Radiometer
and Quintiles; and receiving royalties from UpToDate. Dr Kizer reported owning stock
in Pfizer, Gilead Sciences, and Amgen. Dr Blaha reported receiving grants and personal
fees from Amgen and the US Food and Drug Administration, grants from Aetna, the American
Heart Association, the National Institutes of Health; and personal fees from Sanofi,
Regeneron, Novartis, and MedImmune. Dr Gaggin reported receiving grants from Roche
and Portola and personal fees from Roche Diagnostics, Amgen, Ortho Clinical, EchoSense,
and Radiometer. Dr Psaty reported serving on a data and safety monitoring board for
a clinical trial funded by the manufacturer (Zoll LifeCor) and serving on the steering
committee of the Yale Open Data Access Project funded by Johnson & Johnson. Ms. Bartz
reported receiving grants from the National Institutes of Health. Dr Benjamin reported
receiving grants from the National Institutes of Health and from the American Heart
Association/National Institutes of Health. Dr Januzzi reported receiving grants and
personal fees from Roche, Abbott, Singulex, and Novartis and personal fees from Critical
Diagnostics, Janssen, Boehringer-Ingelheim, Abbvie, Pfizer, GE, and Bayer. Dr Herrington
reported receiving grants from the National Institutes of Health. Dr Bertoni reported
receiving grants from the National Institutes of Health/National Heart, Lung, and
Blood Institute. Dr Ho reported receiving grants from the National Institutes of Health
and Massachusetts General Hospital. No other disclosures were reported.
Funding/Support: This work was partially supported by the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute
(Framingham Heart Study, contract N01-HC25195 and HHSN268201500001I; Cardiovascular
Health Study, contracts HHSN268201200036C, HHSN268200800007C, N01HC55222, N01HC85079,
N01HC85080, N01HC85081, N01HC85082, N01HC85083, N01HC85086, and U01HL130114 and grant
U01HL080295). The Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis and the Multi-Ethnic Study
of Atherosclerosis National Institutes of Health SNP Health Association Resource project
are conducted and supported by the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute in collaboration
with the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis investigators. Support for the Multi-Ethnic
Study of Atherosclerosis is provided by contracts HHSN268201500003I, N01-HC-95159,
N01-HC-95160, N01-HC-95161, N01-HC-95162, N01-HC-95163, N01-HC-95164, N01-HC-95165,
N01-HC-95166, N01-HC-95167, N01-HC-95168, N01-HC-95169, UL1-TR-000040, UL1-TR-001079,
UL1-TR-001420, UL1-TR-001881, and DK063491. Funding support for the Multi-Ethnic Study
of Atherosclerosis Renal Function data set was provided by grant DK083538-01. The
Cardiovascular Health Study received additional contributions from the National Institute
of Neurological Disorders and Stroke and grant R01AG023629 from the National Institute
on Aging. A full list of principal Cardiovascular Health Study investigators and institutions
can be found at
https://chs-nhlbi.org/. A full list of participating Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis Renal Function
investigators and institutions can be found at
https://www.mesa-nhlbi.org. The Prevention of Renal and Vascular End-Stage Disease study has been made possible
by grants from the Dutch Kidney Foundation. Dr de Boer is supported by the Netherlands
Heart Foundation (CVON-DOSIS, grant 2014-40) and the Innovational Research Incentives
Scheme program of the Netherlands Organization for Scientific Research (NWO VIDI,
grant 917.13.350). Dr Nayor received support from the Clinical Skills Development
Core Training grant U10HL110337 from the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute
and by grant K23-HL138260. Dr Ho is supported by grants K23-HL116780 and R01 HL134893
and a Hassenfeld Research Scholar Award (Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston).
Dr Lee is supported by a clinician-scientist award from the Canadian Institutes of
Health Research. In Framingham Heart Study samples, measurement of soluble suppressor
of tumorigenicity was performed by Critical Diagnostics, Inc, and measurement of high-sensitivity
troponin I was performed by Singulex, Inc.
Role of the Funder/Sponsor: The funding sources had no role in the design and conduct of the study; collection,
management, analysis, and interpretation of the data; preparation, review, or approval
of the manuscript; and decision to submit the manuscript for publication.
Disclaimer: The content is solely the responsibility of the authors and does not necessarily
represent the official views of the National Institutes of Health.
Additional Contributions: Dr Shah is an Associate Editor of
JAMA Cardiology but did not participate in any discussions or decisions regarding publication of
this manuscript.