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      Cognitive Impairment among Young Motorcyclists: A controlled study

      Environment-Behaviour Proceedings Journal
      e-IPH Ltd.

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          Abstract

          The cognitive assessment of young motorcyclists under high-noise exposure has not been investigated previously. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the effects of noise-induced cognitive function and reaction time among undergraduate motorcyclists (aged: 19-25). The study design consisted of experimental (ExG; n=30) and controlled group (CoG; n=30). The ExG performed neuropsychological battery test under motorcycle noise (85-90 dBA) and CoG under controlled laboratory noise (<65 dBA). The result revealed that the CoG had significantly better cognitive performance (p < 0.05) and reaction-time as compared to ExG. The results demonstrated the significant effect of motorcycle noise on decreased cognitive performance and increased reaction time.

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          Open-plan office noise: Cognitive performance and restoration

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            Low frequency noise enhances cortisol among noise sensitive subjects during work performance.

            Salivary free cortisol concentration, rated stress and annoyance were determined in 32 subjects before, during and after carrying out a battery of performance tasks for 2 hours during exposure to ventilation noise, with dominant low frequencies (low frequency noise) or a flat frequency spectrum (reference noise). Both noises had a level of 40 dBA. All subjects were studied on two occasions and were exposed to both noises in strict rotation. Subjects were categorised as high- or low-sensitive to noise in general and low frequency noise in particular on the basis of questionnaires. Cortisol concentrations during the task were not significantly modulated by the noises or related to noise sensitivity alone. The normal circadian decline in cortisol concentration was however significantly attenuated in subjects high-sensitive to noise in general, when they were exposed to the low frequency noise. This noise was rated as more annoying and more disruptive to working capacity than the reference noise. The study showed physiological evidence of increased stress related to noise sensitivity and noise exposure during work. This is the first study to demonstrate an effect of moderate levels of noise on neuroendocrine activity. The impact of long-term exposure to moderate noise levels, and particularly low frequency noise, in the workplace deserves further investigation.
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              Environmental ergonomics: a review of principles, methods and models.

              A review of the principles, methods and models used in environmental ergonomics is provided in terms of the effects of heat and cold, vibration, noise and light on the health, comfort and performance of people. Environmental ergonomics is an integral part of the discipline of ergonomics and should be viewed and practised from that perspective. Humans do not respond to the environment in a way monotonically related to direct measures of the physical environment. There are human characteristics which determine human sensitivities and responses. Practical methods for assessing responses to individual environmental components are presented as well as responses to 'total' environments and current and proposed International Standards concerned with the ergonomics of the physical environment.
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                10.21834/e-bpj.v3i7.1268
                http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

                Psychology,Urban design & Planning,Urban studies,General behavioral science,Cultural studies

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