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      About Blood Purification: 3.0 Impact Factor I 5.6 CiteScore I 0.83 Scimago Journal & Country Rank (SJR)

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      Natural saline-flush is sufficient to maintain patency of immobilized-urokinase double-lumen catheter used to provide temporary blood access for hemodialysis.

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          Abstract

          Thrombotic occlusion is a frequent complication of central venous catheters used to provide temporary blood access on hemodialysis therapy. Heparin-lock is conventionally used to maintain patency of the catheter, but the necessity of heparin-lock has not been determined yet.

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          Filling hemodialysis catheters in the interdialytic period: heparin versus citrate versus polygeline: a prospective randomized study.

          J Klinkmann, Ljubomir J Buturovic, P Ivanovich … (1998)
          Heparin and saline are commonly used to fill hemodialysis central venous catheters to prevent their thrombosis during the interdialytic period. The purpose of this prospective clinical study was to evaluate whether replacing heparin with citrate or polygeline could ensure satisfactory catheter function without exposing patients to the risk of systemic heparinization. Thirty end-stage renal disease (ESRD) patients with subclavian or jugular single lumen catheters as temporary vascular access for hemodialysis were enrolled. After the insertion of the catheters, the patients were randomly assigned to one of the following three filling groups: Group A, heparin; Group B, citrate; Group C, polygeline. Before each dialysis, the filling solution was aspirated and clot volume, if present, was measured. The catheter usage time and the clot volume were 23 +/- 24 days and 0.052 +/- 0.035 ml in Group A, 51 +/- 36 days and 0.059 +/- 0.032 ml in Group B, and 32 +/- 10 days and 0.056 +/- 0.038 ml in Group C, respectively. Our results indicate that citrate or polygeline can replace heparin effectively as a filling solution for single lumen temporary hemodialysis catheters.
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            Keeping central venous lines open: a prospective comparison of heparin, vitamin C and sodium chloride sealing solutions in medical patients.

            Christian Rabe, Tobias Gramann, Ximena Sons … (2002)
            To prevent catheter occlusion, intermittently used central venous catheters are frequently sealed with vitamin C solution or heparin solution between use. The present study was designed to test the effectiveness of this approach and to compare the efficiency of sealing solutions.
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              Risk of heparin lock-related bleeding when using indwelling venous catheter in haemodialysis.

              M Rince, D Benevent, P Peyronnet … (2001)
              The indwelling venous catheter such as Dual-Cath or Twin-Cath is widely used in haemodialysis. Although the manufacturer recommends filling the catheter lumen with heparin after the dialysis session to prevent clotting, little is known about the systemic effects of such a procedure. Twenty haemodialysis patients with Dual-Cath were studied. Dialysis anticoagulation was achieved by injecting a bolus of dalteparin. The patient/control ratio of activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT) was determined at the end of the session immediately before and 10 min after locking with 2 ml of undiluted heparin (10,000 U/catheter). We also determined the catheter volume for each patient and measured aPTT immediately before and 10 min after heparin locking with this patient-specific volume. Catheter patency was followed over a 2-week period. The aPTT values determined at the end of two consecutive dialysis sessions were nearly normal, respectively 1.29 (+/-0.17) and 1.33 (+/-0.22), whereas all patients had uncoagulable blood (aPTT >3.75) 10 min after locking with 2 ml of heparin. When catheter volumes were individually calculated, they were found to be substantially lower than 2.0 ml (1.21+/-0.12 for the arterial branch and 1.27+/-0.13 for the venous branch). aPTT was only 2.42+/-0.73 10 min after locking with the estimated volumes except in one patient (aPTT >3.75). No catheter clotting was observed despite these smaller locking volumes. A risk of inducing serious bleeding does indeed exist with Dual-Cath heparin locking, especially in postoperative patients. This risk can be reduced by measuring catheter length at the time of placement in order to ensure an appropriate lock volume. Sodium citrate, polygeline, or urokinase are possible alternatives to heparin.
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                Journal ID (iso-abbrev): Blood Purif.
                Title: Blood purification
                Publisher: S. Karger AG
                ISSN: 0253-5068
                ISSN (Print): 0253-5068
                Publication date (Electronic): 2004
                Volume: 22
                Issue: 5
                Affiliations
                [1 ] Division of Clinical Nephrology and Rheumatology, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata, Japan. kanekoy@mail.rockefeller.edu
                Article
                Publisher Item ID: 81811
                DOI: 10.1159/000081811
                PubMed ID: 15523172
                SO-VID: b3d6fd6b-60cf-4ff6-9f27-0544830373b0
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