Video-assisted versus conventional parathyroidectomy in primary hyperparathyroidism: a prospective randomized study.

Several studies demonstrated the feasibility of minimally invasive parathyroidectomy as a treatment for primary hyperparathyroidism. We compared its results with those of traditional surgery in a prospective randomized study. From March to November 1998, 38 patients eligible for video-assisted parathyroidectomy (VAP) were referred to us. They were randomly divided into 2 groups: patients of group A underwent a conventional cervicotomy with bilateral exploration and frozen section of the removed adenoma; patients of group B underwent VAP with intraoperative measurement of parathyroid hormone. Operative time, postoperative pain, fever and hypocalcemia, cosmetic result, and costs were compared. Two cases of VAP were performed with locoregional anesthesia. Groups A (18 patients) and B (20 patients) were statistically balanced. Operative time was significantly shorter in group B (57 vs 70 minutes). Cosmetic result was significantly better in group B, which also experienced less postoperative pain (P < .05). No cases of persistent primary hyperparathyroidism were present in either group, but recurrent laryngeal nerve palsy occurred in 1 patient in group B. Compared with conventional surgery, VAP is associated with a shorter operative time, a better cosmetic result, and a less painful postoperative course.