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      Call for Papers: Green Renal Replacement Therapy: Caring for the Environment

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      Rapid responses to steroid hormones in the kidney.

      1 , ,
      Nephron. Physiology
      S. Karger AG

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          Abstract

          Rapid signalling responses stimulated by steroid hormones have been detected in various tissues including the nephron. The significance of these responses in modulating the physiological effects elicited by mineralocorticoids, glucocorticoids and the reproductive hormones in the kidney is now becoming more evident. This review outlines how rapid signalling responses stimulated by these hormones are coupled to the regulation of membrane transport targets that impact upon the reabsorptive and excretory functions of the kidney.

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          Most cited references49

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          Protein kinase D regulates basolateral membrane protein exit from trans-Golgi network.

          Protein kinase D (PKD) binds to diacylglycerol (DAG) in the trans-Golgi network (TGN) and is activated by trimeric G-protein subunits beta gamma. This complex then regulates the formation of transport carriers in the TGN that traffic to the plasma membrane in non-polarized cells. Here we report specificity of different PKD isoforms in regulating protein trafficking from the TGN. Kinase-inactive forms of PKD1, PKD2 and PKD3 localize to the TGN in polarized and non-polarized cells. PKD activity is required only for the transport of proteins containing basolateral sorting information, and seems to be cargo specific.
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            Transcription in four dimensions: nuclear receptor-directed initiation of gene expression.

            Regulated gene expression, achieved through the coordinated assembly of transcription factors, co-regulators and the basal transcription machinery on promoters, is an initial step in accomplishing cell specificity and homeostasis. Traditional models of transcriptional regulation tend to be static, although gene expression profiles change with time to adapt to developmental and environmental cues. Furthermore, biochemical and structural studies have determined that initiation of transcription progresses through a series of ordered events. By integrating time into the analysis of transcription, chromatin immunoprecipitation assays and live-cell imaging techniques have revealed the dynamic, cooperative, functionally redundant and cyclical nature of gene expression. In this review, we present a dynamic model of gene transcription that integrates data obtained by these two techniques.
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              The mineralocorticoid receptor: a journey exploring its diversity and specificity of action.

              The mineralocorticoid receptor (MR) integrates hormonal signaling and activates the expression of aldosterone target genes, which control various physiological processes. In recent years, evidence has been provided for an important role of MR not only in the regulation of sodium and water homeostasis but also in cardiovascular function, neuronal fate, and adipocyte differentiation. MR belongs to the steroid receptor family that displays common mechanism of action. As a result, some apparent similarities with the glucocorticoid receptor (GR) have shaded MR's own specificities. The description of its gene structure, messenger isoforms, protein variants, functional domains, and posttranslational modifications (phosphorylation, ubiquitinylation, sumoylation, acetylation) as well as a panel of interactions with coregulators, progressively depicted an original portrait of MR and shed light on its specific mechanism of action. In this review, after an overview of MR characteristics, the multiple levels of MR selectivity over other steroid receptors, in particular GR, will be described as well as the consequences for aldosterone-regulated gene expression.
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                Nephron Physiol
                Nephron. Physiology
                S. Karger AG
                1660-2137
                1660-2137
                2007
                : 107
                : 1
                Affiliations
                [1 ] Department of Molecular Medicine, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland Education and Research Centre, Beaumont Hospital, Dublin, Republic of Ireland.
                Article
                000106099
                10.1159/000106099
                17641544
                3e38a273-2ec9-4ff6-a5d4-25255ec832ba
                History

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