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      Call for Papers: Green Renal Replacement Therapy: Caring for the Environment

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      About Blood Purification: 3.0 Impact Factor I 5.6 CiteScore I 0.83 Scimago Journal & Country Rank (SJR)

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      Risk factors for contrast-induced nephropathy.

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      Journal: Kidney & blood pressure research
      Keywords: Aged, Contrast Media, adverse effects, Diabetic Nephropathies, complications, Female, Humans, Kidney Diseases, chemically induced, physiopathology, prevention & control, Kidney Failure, Chronic, Risk Assessment, Risk Factors

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          Abstract

          An increasing number of diagnostic imaging and interventional procedures require the use of radiographic contrast agents which has led to a parallel increase in the incidence of contrast-induced nephropathy (CIN). CIN is a serious clinical problem associated with increased morbidity and mortality, particularly in patients with chronic renal failure (see the Case Report). A key step to minimize CIN is to identify patients at risk of CIN. The aim of the present review was to summarize the knowledge about the risk factors of CIN, including the review of ultimate clinical research and developments. Copyright 2006 S. Karger AG, Basel.

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          Incidence and prognostic importance of acute renal failure after percutaneous coronary intervention.

          Charanjit Rihal, Stephen C Textor, Diane E. Grill … (2002)
          In patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) in the modern era, the incidence and prognostic implications of acute renal failure (ARF) are unknown. With a retrospective analysis of the Mayo Clinic PCI registry, we determined the incidence of, risk factors for, and prognostic implications of ARF (defined as an increase in serum creatinine [Cr] >0.5 mg/dL from baseline) after PCI. Of 7586 patients, 254 (3.3%) experienced ARF. Among patients with baseline Cr 2.0, all had a significant risk of ARF. In multivariate analysis, ARF was associated with baseline serum Cr, acute myocardial infarction, shock, and volume of contrast medium administered. Twenty-two percent of patients with ARF died during the index hospitalization compared with only 1.4% of patients without ARF (P 2.0 are at high risk for ARF. ARF was highly correlated with death during the index hospitalization and after dismissal.
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            Contrast-induced nephropathy in patients undergoing primary angioplasty for acute myocardial infarction.

            Gianfranco Lauri, Fabrizio Veglia, Sinara de Almeida … (2004)
            The aim of this research was to assess the incidence, clinical predictors, and outcome of contrast-induced nephropathy (CIN) after primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) for acute myocardial infarction (AMI). Contrast-induced nephropathy is associated with significant morbidity and mortality after PCI. Patients undergoing primary PCI may be at higher risk of CIN because of hemodynamic instability and unfeasibility of adequate prophylaxis. In 208 consecutive AMI patients undergoing primary PCI, we measured serum creatinine concentration (Cr) at baseline and each day for the following three days. Contrast-induced nephropathy was defined as a rise in Cr >0.5 mg/dl. Overall, CIN occurred in 40 (19%) patients. Of the 160 patients with baseline Cr clearance >/=60 ml/min, only 21 (13%) developed CIN, whereas it occurred in 19 (40%) of those with Cr clearance 75 years (odds ratio [OR] 5.28, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.98 to 14.05; p = 0.0009), anterior infarction (OR 2.17, 95% CI 0.88 to 5.34; p = 0.09), time-to-reperfusion >6 h (OR 2.51, 95% CI 1.01 to 6.16; p = 0.04), contrast agent volume >300 ml (OR 2.80, 95% CI 1.17 to 6.68; p = 0.02) and use of intraaortic balloon (OR 15.51, 95% CI 4.65 to 51.64; p < 0.0001) were independent correlates of CIN. Patients developing CIN had longer hospital stay (13 +/- 7 days vs. 8 +/- 3 days; p < 0.001), more complicated clinical course, and significantly higher mortality rate (31% vs. 0.6%; p < 0.001). Contrast-induced nephropathy frequently complicates primary PCI, even in patients with normal renal function. It is associated with higher in-hospital complication rate and mortality. Thus, preventive strategies are needed, particularly in high-risk patients.
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              Contrast-induced nephropathy after percutaneous coronary interventions in relation to chronic kidney disease and hemodynamic variables.

              George Dangas, Ioannis P Iakovou, Eugenia Nikolsky … (2005)
              We previously found that contrast-induced nephropathy (CIN) complicating percutaneous coronary intervention adversely affects patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD). Therefore, we further investigated whether the predictors and outcome of CIN after percutaneous coronary intervention differ among patients with versus without CKD. Among 7,230 consecutive patients, CIN (>or=25% or >or=0.5 mg/dl increase in preprocedure serum creatinine 48 hours after the procedure) developed in 381 of 1,980 patients (19.2%) with baseline CKD (estimated glomerular filtration rate [eGFR] <60 ml/min/1.73 m(2)) and in 688 of 5,250 patients (13.1%) without CKD. Decreased eGFRs, periprocedural hypotension, higher contrast media volumes, lower baseline hematocrit, diabetes, pulmonary edema at presentation, intra-aortic balloon pump use, and ejection fraction <40% were the most significant predictors of CIN in patients with CKD. Apart from intra-aortic balloon pump use, predictors of CIN in patients without CKD were the same as mentioned, plus older age and type of contrast media. Regardless of baseline renal function, CIN correlated with longer in-hospital stay and higher rates of in-hospital complications and 1-year mortality compared with patients without CIN. By multivariate analysis, CIN was 1 of the most powerful predictors of 1-year mortality in patients with preexisting CKD (odds ratio 2.37, 95% confidence interval 1.63 to 3.44) or preserved eGFR (odds ratio 1.78; 95% confidence interval 1.22 to 2.60). Thus, regardless of the presence of CKD, baseline characteristics and periprocedural hemodynamic parameters predict CIN, and this complication is associated with worse in-hospital and 1-year outcomes.
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                PubMed ID:: 16707906
                DOI:: 10.1159/000093381

                ScienceOpen disciplines: Chemistry
                Keywords: Aged,Contrast Media,adverse effects,Diabetic Nephropathies,complications,Female,Humans,Kidney Diseases,chemically induced,physiopathology,prevention & control,Kidney Failure, Chronic,Risk Assessment,Risk Factors
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                ScienceOpen disciplines: Chemistry
                Keywords: Aged, Contrast Media, adverse effects, Diabetic Nephropathies, complications, Female, Humans, Kidney Diseases, chemically induced, physiopathology, prevention & control, Kidney Failure, Chronic, Risk Assessment, Risk Factors

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