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      Gut microbiome in children with enthesitis‐related arthritis in a developing country and the effect of probiotic administration

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          Summary

          In Asia, enthesitis‐related arthritis (ERA) is the most frequent category of juvenile idiopathic arthritis. ERA has a strong association with human leucocyte antigen (HLA)‐B27 and subclinical gut inflammation. In an HLA‐B27 transgenic rat model, the presence of Bacteroides bacteria in the gut appears to cause spondyloarthropathy (SpA). Thus, we studied gut microbiota in children with ERA. Stool specimens from 33 patients with ERA and 14 age‐matched healthy controls were studied; none had any gastrointestinal symptom, or had received a drug known to affect gut motility or microbiota in the preceding 6 weeks. From each specimen, a cDNA library for the V3 region of bacterial 16S rRNA was subjected to high‐throughput, massively parallel sequencing. Relationship of the specimens was studied using principal co‐ordinate analysis (PCoA), and abundances of various bacterial taxa and alpha diversity were compared between groups. In eight patients, a repeat faecal specimen was studied after 12 weeks of probiotic therapy. The 55 specimens yielded a median (range) of 397 315 (102 093–1 502 380) high‐quality reads each. In PCoA, gut microbiota from ERA showed a wider dispersion than those from controls. In patients, families Bacteroidaceae and Enterobacteriaceae were more abundant and Prevotellaceae were less abundant than in controls. Also, genera Bacteroides, Entercoccus and Klebsiella were over‐represented and genus Prevotella was under‐represented in ERA patients. Probiotic therapy led to a non‐significant increase in Prevotellaceae. Patients with ERA have a dysbiosis in the gut, with increased abundance of Bacteroides and reduction of Prevotella. Probiotic supplementation in a subset of patients did not reverse these changes significantly.

          Author and article information

          Contributors
          aa.amita@gmail.com , amita@sgpgi.ac.in
          Journal
          Clin Exp Immunol
          Clin. Exp. Immunol
          10.1111/(ISSN)1365-2249
          CEI
          Clinical and Experimental Immunology
          John Wiley and Sons Inc. (Hoboken )
          0009-9104
          1365-2249
          12 December 2016
          March 2017
          : 187
          : 3 ( doiID: 10.1111/cei.2017.187.issue-3 )
          : 480-489
          Affiliations
          [ 1 ] Department of Clinical Immunology Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences Lucknow India
          [ 2 ] Biomedical Informatics Center Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences Lucknow India
          [ 3 ] Department of Gastroenterology Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences Lucknow India
          Author notes
          [*] [* ]Correspondence: A. Aggarwal, Department of Clinical Immunology, Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow 226014, India. E‐mail: aa.amita@ 123456gmail.com , amita@ 123456sgpgi.ac.in
          Article
          PMC5290238 PMC5290238 5290238 CEI12900
          10.1111/cei.12900
          5290238
          27861762
          4ff95a22-6004-467a-95e0-a321cb6d86c5
          © 2016 British Society for Immunology
          History
          : 03 November 2016
          Page count
          Figures: 2, Tables: 2, Pages: 10, Words: 5633
          Funding
          Funded by: Department of Biotechnology, Government of India, New Delhi
          Categories
          Original Article
          Original Articles
          Translational
          Inflammation
          Custom metadata
          2.0
          cei12900
          March 2017
          Converter:WILEY_ML3GV2_TO_NLMPMC version:5.0.4 mode:remove_FC converted:03.02.2017

          gut,juvenile arthritis,microbiome
          gut, juvenile arthritis, microbiome

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