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      • Record: found
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      • Article: found

      Anterior chamber paracentesis might prevent sustained intraocular pressure elevation after intravitreal injections of ranibizumab for age-related macular degeneration.

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          Abstract

          To evaluate the efficacy of anterior chamber paracentesis for preventing sustained intraocular pressure (IOP) elevation after intravitreal ranibizumab (IVR) injections for age-related macular degeneration (AMD).

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          Most cited references17

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          Pegaptanib for neovascular age-related macular degeneration.

          Pegaptanib, an anti-vascular endothelial growth factor therapy, was evaluated in the treatment of neovascular age-related macular degeneration. We conducted two concurrent, prospective, randomized, double-blind, multicenter, dose-ranging, controlled clinical trials using broad entry criteria. Intravitreous injection into one eye per patient of pegaptanib (at a dose of 0.3 mg, 1.0 mg, or 3.0 mg) or sham injections were administered every 6 weeks over a period of 48 weeks. The primary end point was the proportion of patients who had lost fewer than 15 letters of visual acuity at 54 weeks. In the combined analysis of the primary end point (for a total of 1186 patients), efficacy was demonstrated, without a dose-response relationship, for all three doses of pegaptanib (P<0.001 for the comparison of 0.3 mg with sham injection; P<0.001 for the comparison of 1.0 mg with sham injection; and P=0.03 for the comparison of 3.0 mg with sham injection). In the group given pegaptanib at 0.3 mg, 70 percent of patients lost fewer than 15 letters of visual acuity, as compared with 55 percent among the controls (P<0.001). The risk of severe loss of visual acuity (loss of 30 letters or more) was reduced from 22 percent in the sham-injection group to 10 percent in the group receiving 0.3 mg of pegaptanib (P<0.001). More patients receiving pegaptanib (0.3 mg), as compared with sham injection, maintained their visual acuity or gained acuity (33 percent vs. 23 percent; P=0.003). As early as six weeks after beginning therapy with the study drug, and at all subsequent points, the mean visual acuity among patients receiving 0.3 mg of pegaptanib was better than in those receiving sham injections (P<0.002). Among the adverse events that occurred, endophthalmitis (in 1.3 percent of patients), traumatic injury to the lens (in 0.7 percent), and retinal detachment (in 0.6 percent) were the most serious and required vigilance. These events were associated with a severe loss of visual acuity in 0.1 percent of patients. Pegaptanib appears to be an effective therapy for neovascular age-related macular degeneration. Its long-term safety is not known. Copyright 2004 Massachusetts Medical Society.
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            • Record: found
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            Intraocular pharmacokinetics of bevacizumab after a single intravitreal injection in humans.

            To investigate intraocular concentrations and pharmacokinetics of bevacizumab after a single intravitreal injection in humans. Prospective, noncomparative, interventional case series. We included 30 nonvitrectomized eyes of 30 patients (age range, 43 to 93 years) diagnosed with clinically significant cataract and concurrent macular edema secondary to neovascular age-related macular degeneration, diabetic retinopathy, or retinal venous occlusion in the same eye. All patients received an intravitreal injection of 1.5 mg bevacizumab. Between one and 53 days after injection, an aqueous humor sample was obtained during elective cataract surgery. Concentrations of unbound bevacizumab in these samples were quantified by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Concentration of bevacizumab in aqueous humor peaked on the first day after injection with a mean concentration (c(max)) of 33.3 microg/ml (range, 16.6 to 42.5 microg/ml) and subsequently declined in a monoexponential fashion. Nonlinear regression analysis determined an elimination half-time (t(1/2)) of 9.82 days (R(2) = 0.81). No significant differences between diagnosis subgroups were noted. In human nonvitrectomized eyes, the aqueous half-life of 1.5 mg intravitreally injected bevacizumab is 9.82 days.
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              • Article: not found

              Sustained elevation of intraocular pressure after intravitreal injections of anti-VEGF agents.

              To report the rate of intraocular pressure (IOP) elevation associated with repeated intravitreal injections of antivascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) agents and to determine if a pre-existing diagnosis of glaucoma is a risk factor for this phenomenon. The charts of 215 eyes undergoing intravitreal injection with anti-VEGF agents for wet age-related macular degeneration (AMD) were retrospectively examined with respect to frequency of injections, number of injections and changes in IOP. Data were analysed independently for two groups (1) pre-existing glaucoma and (2) no history of glaucoma. Of the 215 eyes receiving injections with bevacizumab and/or ranibizumab, 6% (n=13) had sustained IOP elevation requiring medical or laser interventions. Of the eyes receiving only bevacizumab, 9.9% (10/101) had sustained elevated IOP, while 3.1% (3/96) of eyes receiving only ranibizumab experienced increases (p=0.049). Patients with pre-existing glaucoma experienced higher rates of elevated IOP when compared with patients without pre-existing glaucoma (33% vs 3.1% respectively; p<0.001). The glaucoma subgroup had a lower median number of injections (6; interquartile range 5-10) compared with the non-glaucoma group (9.5; interquartile range 6-13.7; p=0.031). The incidence of sustained elevated IOP in patients receiving intravitreal anti-VEGF injections is significant. Additionally, these data suggest the possibility of a heightened risk for further elevation of IOP in patients with pre-existing glaucoma who receive either bevacizumab or ranibizumab. Prospective studies are needed to verify these results and better understand the implications of these findings.
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                Ophthalmic Res.
                Ophthalmic research
                S. Karger AG
                1423-0259
                0030-3747
                2014
                : 52
                : 4
                Affiliations
                [1 ] Department of Ophthalmology, Shiga University of Medical Science, Otsu, Japan.
                Article
                000365253
                10.1159/000365253
                25401265
                8ede1d41-d363-4baf-bbd8-dd98069cf458
                History

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