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      Towards Relativistic Atomic Physics. I. The Rest-Frame Instant Form of Dynamics and a Canonical Transformation for a System of Charged Particles plus the Electro-Magnetic Field

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          Abstract

          A complete exposition of the rest-frame instant form of dynamics for arbitrary isolated systems (particles, fields, strings, fluids)admitting a Lagrangian description is given. The starting point is the parametrized Minkowski theory describing the system in arbitrary admissible non-inertial frames in Minkowski space-time, which allows one to define the energy-momentum tensor of the system and to show the independence of the description from the clock synchronization convention and from the choice of the 3-coordinates. In the inertial rest frame the isolated system is seen as a decoupled non-covariant canonical external center of mass carrying a pole-dipole structure (the invariant mass \(M\) and the rest spin \({\vec {\bar S}}\) of the system) and an external realization of the Poincare' group. Then an isolated system of positive-energy charged scalar articles plus an arbitrary electro-magnetic field in the radiation gauge is investigated as a classical background for defining relativistic atomic physics. The electric charges of the particles are Grassmann-valued to regularize the self-energies. The rest-frame conditions and their gauge-fixings (needed for the elimination of the internal 3-center of mass) are explicitly given. It is shown that there is a canonical transformation which allows one to describe the isolated system as a set of Coulomb-dressed charged particles interacting through a Coulomb plus Darwin potential plus a free transverse radiation field: these two subsystems are not mutually interacting and are interconnected only by the rest-frame conditions and the elimination of the internal 3-center of mass. Therefore in this framework with a fixed number of particles there is a way out from the Haag theorem,at least at the classical level.

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          Author and article information

          Journal
          2008-06-14
          2008-11-04
          Article
          10.1139/P09-037
          0806.2383
          9d90ffaa-b704-4836-8c18-7c801ffc55dd

          http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/

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          math-ph astro-ph gr-qc hep-th math.MP

          Mathematical physics,General relativity & Quantum cosmology,General astrophysics,High energy & Particle physics,Mathematical & Computational physics

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