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In the 1960s, it was showed that passive transfer of serum from clinically immune individuals could significantly protect non-immune recipients from high parasitemia and disease symptoms. Since then, although major advances have been made, an effective malaria vaccine remains elusive due to a number of factors including the complex biology and epidemiology of the malaria parasites, their ability to rapidly evolve and evade the host immune system, and our lack of understanding of the precise mechanisms of immunity.