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      Matrin 3 Binds and Stabilizes mRNA

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          Abstract

          Matrin 3 (MATR3) is a highly conserved, inner nuclear matrix protein with two zinc finger domains and two RNA recognition motifs (RRM), whose function is largely unknown. Recently we found MATR3 to be phosphorylated by the protein kinase ATM, which activates the cellular response to double strand breaks in the DNA. Here, we show that MATR3 interacts in an RNA-dependent manner with several proteins with established roles in RNA processing, and maintains its interaction with RNA via its RRM2 domain. Deep sequencing of the bound RNA (RIP-seq) identified several small noncoding RNA species. Using microarray analysis to explore MATR3′s role in transcription, we identified 77 transcripts whose amounts depended on the presence of MATR3. We validated this finding with nine transcripts which were also bound to the MATR3 complex. Finally, we demonstrated the importance of MATR3 for maintaining the stability of several of these mRNA species and conclude that it has a role in mRNA stabilization. The data suggest that the cellular level of MATR3, known to be highly regulated, modulates the stability of a group of gene transcripts.

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          Most cited references28

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          Requirement of ATM-dependent monoubiquitylation of histone H2B for timely repair of DNA double-strand breaks.

          The cellular response to DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs) is mobilized by the protein kinase ATM, which phosphorylates key players in the DNA damage response (DDR) network. A major question is how ATM controls DSB repair. Optimal repair requires chromatin relaxation at damaged sites. Chromatin reorganization is coupled to dynamic alterations in histone posttranslational modifications. Here, we show that in human cells, DSBs induce monoubiquitylation of histone H2B, a modification that is associated in undamaged cells with transcription elongation. We find that this process relies on recruitment to DSB sites and ATM-dependent phosphorylation of the responsible E3 ubiquitin ligase: the RNF20-RNF40 heterodimer. H2B monoubiquitylation is required for timely recruitment of players in the two major DSB repair pathways-nonhomologous end-joining and homologous recombination repair-and optimal repair via both pathways. Our data and previous data suggest a two-stage model for chromatin decondensation that facilitates DSB repair. Copyright © 2011 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
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            DExD/H box RNA helicases: multifunctional proteins with important roles in transcriptional regulation

            The DExD/H box family of proteins includes a large number of proteins that play important roles in RNA metabolism. Members of this family have been shown to act as RNA helicases or unwindases, using the energy from ATP hydrolysis to unwind RNA structures or dissociate RNA–protein complexes in cellular processes that require modulation of RNA structures. However, it is clear that several members of this family are multifunctional and, in addition to acting as RNA helicases in processes such as pre-mRNA processing, play important roles in transcriptional regulation. In this review I shall concentrate on RNA helicase A (Dhx9), DP103 (Ddx20), p68 (Ddx5) and p72 (Ddx17), proteins for which there is a strong body of evidence showing that they play important roles in transcription, often as coactivators or corepressors through their interaction with key components of the transcriptional machinery, such as CREB-binding protein, p300, RNA polymerase II and histone deacetylases.
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              RNA helicase A mediates association of CBP with RNA polymerase II.

              The coactivator CBP has been proposed to stimulate the expression of certain signal-dependent genes via its association with RNA polymerase II complexes. Here we show that complex formation between CBP and RNA polymerase II requires RNA helicase A (RHA), a nuclear DNA/RNA helicase that is related to the Drosophila male dosage compensation factor mle. In transient transfection assays, RHA was found to cooperate with CBP in mediating target gene activation via the CAMP responsive factor CREB. As a mutation in RHA that compromised its helicase activity correspondingly reduced CREB-dependent transcription, we propose that RHA may induce local changes in chromatin structure that promote engagement of the transcriptional apparatus on signal responsive promoters.
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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                Role: Editor
                Journal
                PLoS One
                plos
                plosone
                PLoS ONE
                Public Library of Science (San Francisco, USA )
                1932-6203
                2011
                17 August 2011
                : 6
                : 8
                : e23882
                Affiliations
                [1 ]The David and Inez Myers Laboratory for Cancer Research, Department of Human Molecular Genetics and Biochemistry, Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
                [2 ]Division of Gene Regulation, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
                [3 ]Max-Planck-Institute for Molecular Genetics, Berlin-Dahlem, Germany
                [4 ]Department of Molecular Microbiology and Biotechnology, George S. Wise Faculty of Life Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
                The Rockefeller University, United States of America
                Author notes

                Conceived and designed the experiments: MS YS. Performed the experiments: MS TB. Analyzed the data: MS RE TB AD M-LY EH. Wrote the paper: MS YS.

                Article
                PONE-D-10-05114
                10.1371/journal.pone.0023882
                3157474
                21858232
                d5bab4a6-09ab-44d6-86d6-9ac47545d5ca
                Salton et al. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
                History
                : 19 November 2010
                : 30 July 2011
                Page count
                Pages: 7
                Categories
                Research Article
                Biology
                Genetics
                Gene Expression
                RNA interference
                RNA processing
                RNA stability
                RNA transport
                Genomics
                Genome Analysis Tools
                Transcriptomes
                Genome Expression Analysis
                Molecular Cell Biology
                Gene Expression
                RNA processing
                RNA stability
                Systems Biology

                Uncategorized
                Uncategorized

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