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      Call for Papers: Green Renal Replacement Therapy: Caring for the Environment

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      About Blood Purification: 3.0 Impact Factor I 5.6 CiteScore I 0.83 Scimago Journal & Country Rank (SJR)

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      Effects of haemodialysis on circulating endothelial progenitor cell count.

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      Journal: Blood purification
      Keywords: Adult, Aged, Antigens, Differentiation, analysis, Blood Cell Count, Cardiovascular Diseases, epidemiology, Comorbidity, Diabetes Mellitus, Dyslipidemias, Endothelial Cells, cytology, Endothelium, Vascular, Female, Hematopoietic Stem Cells, Hemorheology, Humans, Hypertension, Hypertrophy, Left Ventricular, Kidney Failure, Chronic, blood, therapy, Male, Middle Aged, Obesity, Renal Dialysis, Risk Factors, Severity of Illness Index

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          Abstract

          During haemodialysis (HD) the endothelium is the first organ to sense and to be impaired by mechanical and immunological stimuli. We hypothesized that a single HD session induces mobilization of endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) and that cardiovascular risk factors may influence this process. We quantified EPCs at different maturational stages (CD34+, CD133+/VEGFR2+) in blood samples from 30 patients, during HD and on the interdialytic day, and in 10 healthy volunteers. Samples were drawn at the start of HD, 1, 2 and 3 h after, at the end of HD and at 24 h on the interdialytic day. Patients were divided into two groups based on a recent risk scoring system (SCORE project): low-risk (LR) and high-risk groups (HR). HD patients showed a significantly reduced basal number of EPCs with respect to healthy volunteers. In contrast, we observed increasing EPCs during HD whereas they diminished on the interdialytic day. The EPC number was directly correlated with HD time progression. The EPC number during HD was increased in the HR group with respect to the LR group. We had a direct correlation between risk score and number of EPCs. Cardiovascular risk factors influenced the mobilization of stem cells from the bone marrow. This feature could be the direct consequence of an augmented request of stem cells to respond to the most important endothelial impairment but could also show a defective capacity of EPCs to home in and repair the sites of vascular injury. Copyright 2007 S. Karger AG, Basel.

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          Number and migratory activity of circulating endothelial progenitor cells inversely correlate with risk factors for coronary artery disease.

          Mariuca Vasa, Stephan Fichtlscherer, Alexandra Aicher … (2001)
          Recent studies provide increasing evidence that postnatal neovascularization involves bone marrow-derived circulating endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs). The regulation of EPCs in patients with coronary artery disease (CAD) is unclear at present. Therefore, we determined the number and functional activity of EPCs in 45 patients with CAD and 15 healthy volunteers. The numbers of isolated EPCs and circulating CD34/kinase insert domain receptor (KDR)-positive precursor cells were significantly reduced in patients with CAD by approximately 40% and 48%, respectively. To determine the influence of atherosclerotic risk factors, a risk factor score including age, sex, hypertension, diabetes, smoking, positive family history of CAD, and LDL cholesterol levels was used. The number of risk factors was significantly correlated with a reduction of EPC levels (R=-0.394, P=0.002) and CD34-/KDR-positive cells (R=-0.537, P<0.001). Analysis of the individual risk factors demonstrated that smokers had significantly reduced levels of EPCs (P<0.001) and CD34-/KDR-positive cells (P=0.003). Moreover, a positive family history of CAD was associated with reduced CD34-/KDR-positive cells (P=0.011). Most importantly, EPCs isolated from patients with CAD also revealed an impaired migratory response, which was inversely correlated with the number of risk factors (R=-0.484, P=0.002). By multivariate analysis, hypertension was identified as a major independent predictor for impaired EPC migration (P=0.043). The present study demonstrates that patients with CAD revealed reduced levels and functional impairment of EPCs, which correlated with risk factors for CAD. Given the important role of EPCs for neovascularization of ischemic tissue, the decrease of EPC numbers and activity may contribute to impaired vascularization in patients with CAD. The full text of this article is available at http://www.circresaha.org.
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            Circulating endothelial microparticles are associated with vascular dysfunction in patients with end-stage renal failure.

            Ken Nguyen, Scott Boulanger, Ziad Mallat … (2005)
            Endothelial dysfunction and arterial stiffness are major determinants of cardiovascular risk in patients with end-stage renal failure (ESRF). Microparticles are membrane fragments shed from damaged or activated cells. Because microparticles can affect endothelial cells, this study investigated the relationship between circulating microparticles and arterial dysfunction in patients with ESRF and identified the cellular origin of microparticles associated with these alterations. Flow cytometry analysis of platelet-free plasma from 44 patients with ESRF indicated that circulating levels of Annexin V+ microparticles were increased compared with 32 healthy subjects, as were levels of microparticles derived from endothelial cells (three-fold), platelets (16.5-fold), and erythrocytes (1.6-fold). However, when arterial function was evaluated noninvasively in patients with ESRF, only endothelial microparticle levels correlated highly with loss of flow-mediated dilation (r = -0.543; P = 0.004), increased aortic pulse wave velocity (r = 0.642, P < 0.0001), and increased common carotid artery augmentation index (r = 0.463, P = 0.0017), whereas platelet-derived, erythrocyte-derived, and Annexin V+ microparticle levels did not. In vitro, microparticles from patients with ESRF impaired endothelium-dependent relaxations and cyclic guanosine monophosphate generation, whereas microparticles from healthy subjects did not. Moreover, in vitro endothelial dysfunction correlated with endothelial-derived (r = 0.891; P = 0.003) but not platelet-derived microparticle concentrations. In fact, endothelial microparticles alone decreased endothelial nitric oxide release by 59 +/- 7% (P = 0.025). This study suggests that circulating microparticles of endothelial origin are tightly associated with endothelial dysfunction and arterial dysfunction in ESRF.
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              Number and function of endothelial progenitor cells as a marker of severity for diabetic vasculopathy.

              Ilenia Baesso, Mirko Menegolo, Saula Vigili de Kreutzenberg … (2006)
              Peripheral arterial disease (PAD) is a threatening complication of diabetes. As endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) are involved in neovasculogenesis and maintenance of vascular homeostasis, their impairment may have a role in the pathogenesis of diabetic vasculopathy. This study aimed to establish whether number and function of EPCs correlate with PAD severity in type 2 diabetic patients. EPCs were defined by the expression of CD34, CD133 and KDR, and quantified by flow cytometry in 127 diabetic patients with and without PAD. PAD severity has been assessed as carotid atherosclerosis and clinical stage of leg atherosclerosis obliterans. Diabetic patients with PAD displayed a significant 53% reduction in circulating EPCs versus non-PAD patients, and EPC levels were negatively correlated with the degree of carotid stenosis and the stage of leg claudication. Moreover, the clonogenic and adhesion capacity of cultured EPCs were significantly lower in diabetic patients with PAD versus patients without. This study demonstrates that EPC decrease is related to PAD severity and that EPC function is altered in diabetic subjects with PAD, strengthening the pathogenetic role of EPC dysregulation in diabetic vasculopathy. EPC count may be considered a novel biological marker of peripheral atherosclerosis in diabetes.
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                PubMed ID:: 17429198
                DOI:: 10.1159/000101697

                ScienceOpen disciplines: Chemistry
                Keywords: Adult,Aged,Antigens, Differentiation,analysis,Blood Cell Count,Cardiovascular Diseases,epidemiology,Comorbidity,Diabetes Mellitus,Dyslipidemias,Endothelial Cells,cytology,Endothelium, Vascular,Female,Hematopoietic Stem Cells,Hemorheology,Humans,Hypertension,Hypertrophy, Left Ventricular,Kidney Failure, Chronic,blood,therapy,Male,Middle Aged,Obesity,Renal Dialysis,Risk Factors,Severity of Illness Index
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                ScienceOpen disciplines: Chemistry
                Keywords: Adult, Aged, Antigens, Differentiation, analysis, Blood Cell Count, Cardiovascular Diseases, epidemiology, Comorbidity, Diabetes Mellitus, Dyslipidemias, Endothelial Cells, cytology, Endothelium, Vascular, Female, Hematopoietic Stem Cells, Hemorheology, Humans, Hypertension, Hypertrophy, Left Ventricular, Kidney Failure, Chronic, blood, therapy, Male, Middle Aged, Obesity, Renal Dialysis, Risk Factors, Severity of Illness Index

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