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      Knowledge, attitude, and practices related to standard precautions of surgeons and physicians in university-affiliated hospitals of Shiraz, Iran.

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          Abstract

          To measure levels of knowledge, attitudes, and practice toward standard precautions (SP) in medical practitioners of Shiraz University of Medical Sciences affiliated hospitals in Iran.

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          Nurses' knowledge of and compliance with universal precautions in an acute care hospital.

          Ying-Hui Lai, Alexander Molassiotis, Ivy Yiu … (2002)
          A cross-sectional survey was conducted to investigate the nurses' knowledge of and compliance with Universal Precautions (UP) in an acute hospital in Hong Kong. A total of 450 nurses were randomly selected from a population of acute care nurses and 306 were successfully recruited in the study. The study revealed that the nurses' knowledge of UP was inadequate. In addition, UP was not only insufficiently and inappropriately applied, but also selectively practiced. Nearly all respondents knew that used needles should be disposed of in a sharps' box after injections. However, nurses had difficulty in distinguishing between deep body fluids and other general body secretions that are not considered infectious in UP. A high compliance was reported regarding hand-washing, disposal of needles and glove usage. However, the use of other protective wear such as masks and goggles was uncommon. The results also showed no significant relationships between the nurses' knowledge and compliance with UP. It is recommended that UP educational programmes need to consider attitudes in conjunction with empirical knowledge. Nurse managers and occupational health nurses should take a leadership role to ensure safe practices are used in the care of patients.
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            Compliance with universal precautions among physicians.

            Andrea Murphy, G Kelen, A. Michalsen … (1997)
            This study characterized and assessed self-reported levels of compliance with universal precautions (UP) among hospital-based physicians, and determined significant factors associated with both compliance and noncompliance. The physicians (n = 322) were a subgroup of a larger study population of hospital-based health care workers recruited from three geographically distinct locations (n = 1746), and were surveyed using a detailed confidential questionnaire that assessed personal, work-related, and organizational factors. Compliance with UP was measured through 11 items that examined how often physicians followed specific recommended work practices. Compliance was found to vary among the 11 items: they were high for certain activities (eg, glove use, 94%; disposal of sharps, 92%) and low for others (eg, wearing protective clothing, 55%; not recapping needles, 56%). Compliance with all items was low (31% to 38%). Stepwise logistic regression revealed that noncompliant physicians were likely to be age 37 or older, to report high work stress, and to perceive a conflict of interest between providing patient care and protecting themselves. Compliant physicians were more likely to be knowledgeable and to have been trained in universal precautions, to perceive protective measures as being effective, and to perceive an organizational commitment to safety.
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              Systematic review of adherence to infection control guidelines in dentistry.

              B.L. Gordon, F.J.T. Burke, J Bagg … (2001)
              The purpose of this study was to determine the knowledge and attitudes of dental health care workers (DHCWs) towards infection control procedures, to examine DHCWs' practising behaviour in respect of infection control, and to determine whether a relationship exists between knowledge, attitudes and behaviour. Within this systematic review, study quality was assessed in line with selection criteria relating to study design, participants, interventions and outcome measures. Following data extraction, the heterogeneity of study design, targeted participants, sample size and outcome measures precluded a quantitative analysis. Qualitative data synthesis followed. Overall, the quality of the studies reviewed was poor. Only 71 studies meeting the selection criteria were identified. Data indicated that over the period of the review there have been substantial improvements with compliance in some areas of infection control in dentistry, for example glove wearing. However, other aspects, such as the effective management of needlestick injuries, remain problematic. More rigorously designed studies are required to assess accurately dental team members' adherence to infection control guidelines.
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                Journal ID (iso-abbrev): Int. J. Infect. Dis.
                Title: International journal of infectious diseases : IJID : official publication of the International Society for Infectious Diseases
                Publisher: Elsevier BV
                ISSN: 1201-9712
                ISSN (Print): 1201-9712
                Publication date (Electronic): May 2007
                Volume: 11
                Issue: 3
                Affiliations
                [1 ] Community Medicine Department, Shiraz Medical School, Shiraz Nephro-Urology Research Center, PO Box 71345-1737, Shiraz, Islamic Republic of Iran. askariam@sums.ac.ir
                Article
                Publisher Item ID: S1201-9712(06)00092-0
                DOI: 10.1016/j.ijid.2006.01.006
                PubMed ID: 16837226
                SO-VID: c63029b6-acd6-4e46-ad55-d7b85e243fd4
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