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      Zika Virus Outside Africa

      Emerging Infectious Diseases
      Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)

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          Most cited references29

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          Zika virus: a report on three cases of human infection during an epidemic of jaundice in Nigeria.

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            Phylogeny of the genus Flavivirus.

            We undertook a comprehensive phylogenetic study to establish the genetic relationship among the viruses of the genus Flavivirus and to compare the classification based on molecular phylogeny with the existing serologic method. By using a combination of quantitative definitions (bootstrap support level and the pairwise nucleotide sequence identity), the viruses could be classified into clusters, clades, and species. Our phylogenetic study revealed for the first time that from the putative ancestor two branches, non-vector and vector-borne virus clusters, evolved and from the latter cluster emerged tick-borne and mosquito-borne virus clusters. Provided that the theory of arthropod association being an acquired trait was correct, pairwise nucleotide sequence identity among these three clusters provided supporting data for a possibility that the non-vector cluster evolved first, followed by the separation of tick-borne and mosquito-borne virus clusters in that order. Clades established in our study correlated significantly with existing antigenic complexes. We also resolved many of the past taxonomic problems by establishing phylogenetic relationships of the antigenically unclassified viruses with the well-established viruses and by identifying synonymous viruses.
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              Isolation of Zika virus from Aedes aegypti mosquitoes in Malaysia.

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                Author and article information

                Journal
                10.3201/eid1509.090442

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