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      Tratamento endovascular de aneurisma isolado bilateral de artéria ilíaca interna Translated title: Endovascular treatment of bilateral isolated aneurysm of the internal iliac artery

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          Abstract

          Resumo Os aneurismas isolados das artérias ilíacas representam menos de 2% de todos os aneurismas abdominais. A artéria ilíaca interna é acometida em 10-30% dos casos. Na maioria dos casos os pacientes são assintomáticos, exceto se houver ruptura. Os aneurismas podem ser diagnosticados por ultrassom Doppler, ressonância magnética ou, preferencialmente, angiotomografia. As indicações cirúrgicas são expansão significativa, 3 ou mais cm de diâmetro ou casos sintomáticos. Apresentamos o caso de um paciente com achado ultrassonográfico incidental de aneurisma bilateral das artérias ilíacas internas, ambos com indicação cirúrgica. O paciente foi submetido a tratamento endovascular com sucesso, primeiramente com preservação da artéria ilíaca interna direita com endoprótese ramificada de ilíaca, seguida de embolização da artéria ilíaca interna esquerda. O conhecimento das diversas técnicas e dispositivos, assim como suas limitações, é fundamental para um adequado planejamento terapêutico endovascular, mesmo em casos pouco frequentes, como o aqui apresentado.

          Translated abstract

          Abstract Isolated aneurysms of the iliac arteries comprise less than 2% of abdominal aneurysms. The internal iliac artery is involved in 10-30% of cases. In most cases patients are asymptomatic, unless rupture occurs. They can be diagnosed by Doppler ultrasonography, magnetic resonance imaging or, preferably, angiotomography. Significant expansion, diameter of 3 cm or greater, and symptomatic cases are indications for surgery. We present the case of a patient with an incidental ultrasonographic finding of bilateral aneurysm of the internal iliac arteries, both with indications for surgery. The patient was successfully treated with endovascular techniques, first repairing the right internal iliac with a branched iliac stent graft, preserving patency, then embolizing the left internal iliac artery. Knowledge of the various different techniques and devices and their limitations is fundamental to adequate planning of endovascular treatment, even in rare cases.

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          Most cited references28

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          Solitary aneurysms of the iliac arterial system: an estimate of their frequency of occurrence.

          Solitary iliac artery aneurysms are rare, and most reports have been presented as case reports. By combining autopsy records and operating records, a total of 13 cases were found: during a 15-year period (1971 to 1985), 42,010 of the inhabitants of Malmö died (population 230,000) and 35,265 (including 9014 forensic autopsies) underwent autopsy (84%). Solitary iliac artery aneurysms were found in seven (0.03%) of the 26,251 patients who underwent autopsy at the hospital; six of those had been asymptomatic and one was ruptured. Among the 9014 persons who underwent forensic medical autopsy, there were two with ruptured solitary iliac artery aneurysms. Four patients had clinically detected solitary iliac artery aneurysms, three of which were ruptured. All patients underwent surgery, and two of the three patients with ruptured solitary iliac artery aneurysms left the hospital well. The rupture rate of iliac aneurysm among those found at autopsy was one of seven (14%) and among those clinically detected three of four.
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            Common iliac artery aneurysm: expansion rate and results of open surgical and endovascular repair.

            To assess expansion rate of common iliac artery aneurysms (CIAAs) and define outcomes after open repair (OR) and endovascular repair (EVAR). Clinical data of 438 patients with 715 CIAAs treated between 1986 and 2005 were retrospectively reviewed. Size, presentations, treatments, and outcomes were recorded. Kaplan-Meier method with log-rank tests and chi2 test were used for analysis. Interventions for 715 CIAAs (median, 4 cm; range, 2-13 cm) were done in 512 men (94%) and 26 women (6%); 152 (35%) had unilateral and 286 (65%) had bilateral CIAAs. Group 1 comprised 377 patients (633 CIAAs) with current or previously repaired abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA). Group 2 comprised 15 patients (24 CIAAs) with associated internal iliac artery aneurysm (IIAA). Group 3 comprised 46 patients (58 isolated CIAAs). Median expansion rate of 104 CIAAs with at least two imaging studies was 0.29 cm/y; hypertension predicted faster expansion (0.32 vs 0.14 cm/y, P = .01). A total of 175 patients (29%) were symptomatic. The CIAA ruptured in 22 patients (5%, median, 6 cm; range, 3.8-8.5 cm), and the associated AAA ruptured in 20 (4%). Six (27%) ilioiliac or iliocaval fistulas developed. Repairs were elective in 396 patients (90%) and emergencies in 42 (10%). OR was performed in 394 patients (90%) and EVAR in 44 (10%). The groups had similar 30-day mortality: 1% for elective, 27% for emergency repairs (P or=3.5 cm seems justified. Although buttock claudication after EVAR remains a concern, results at 3 years support EVAR as a first-line treatment for most anatomically suitable patients who require CIAA repair. Patients with compressive symptoms or those with AVF should preferentially be treated with OR.
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              Natural history and management of iliac aneurysms.

              Fifty-five patients with 72 aneurysms of the iliac vessels were evaluated retrospectively during a 12-year period (1972 to 1985). Atherosclerotic vascular disease was found in all aneurysms. Marked male predominance (5:1) and advanced age (mean 74.6 years) characterized this population group. Two thirds of them harbored multiple aneurysms and isolated aneurysms were found primarily to involve the internal iliac artery (12 of 18 patients). Although symptomatic presentation varied with anatomic location and presence of rupture, most patients were either asymptomatic (45%) or had such nonspecific complaints (11%) that diagnosis was often delayed or erroneous. A mass detected during abdominal, rectal, or vaginal examination was found in 39 patients (70%). Aneurysm size ranged from 2.5 to 18 cm (mean 5.5 cm) for the entire group. Internal iliac aneurysms tended to be larger (7.7 cm) yet demonstrated no increased risk of rupture, which was encountered in 33% of patients. Elective operative management was undertaken in 26 patients with a mortality rate of 11%. When repair had to be performed as an emergency procedure mortality increased to 33%. Aneurysm ligation, resection, or endoaneurysmorrhaphy coupled with graft interposition when necessary did not seem to influence patient survival. Eleven patients treated nonoperatively demonstrated enlargement in three, rupture in one, and progressive ureteral obstruction in one patient. Iliac aneurysms demonstrate expansile growth with eruptive and erosive complications and therefore should be managed aggressively under elective circumstances.
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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Journal
                jvb
                Jornal Vascular Brasileiro
                J. vasc. bras.
                Sociedade Brasileira de Angiologia e de Cirurgia Vascular (SBACV) (Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil )
                1677-5449
                1677-7301
                April 2019
                : 18
                : 0
                : e20180115
                Affiliations
                [02] Franca São Paulo orgnameUniversidade de Franca orgdiv1Cirurgia Vascular Brazil
                [01] Ribeirão Preto orgnameUniversidade de São Paulo orgdiv1Cirurgia Vascular Brazil
                Article
                S1677-54492019000100501
                10.1590/1677-5449.180115
                e6e1ef4a-3e83-432a-9439-ccad62574b70

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

                History
                : 13 May 2018
                : 11 February 2019
                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 25, Pages: 0
                Product

                SciELO Brazil

                Categories
                Desafios Terapêuticos

                endovascular procedures,iliac aneurysm,stents,aneurisma ilíaco,procedimentos endovasculares

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