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      Epidemiology and clinical outcomes of feline immunodeficiency virus and feline leukaemia virus in client-owned cats in New Zealand.

      Author(s): 1 , 2
      Publication date (Electronic):
      Journal: JFMS open reports
      Publisher: SAGE Publications

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          Abstract

          The objectives were to collect baseline data on the occurrence, testing and vaccination practices, and clinical outcomes of feline leukaemia virus (FeLV) and feline immunodeficiency virus (FIV) in New Zealand.

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          Clinical Aspects of Feline Retroviruses: A Review

          Katrin Hartmann (2012)
          Feline leukemia virus (FeLV) and feline immunodeficiency virus (FIV) are retroviruses with global impact on the health of domestic cats. The two viruses differ in their potential to cause disease. FeLV is more pathogenic, and was long considered to be responsible for more clinical syndromes than any other agent in cats. FeLV can cause tumors (mainly lymphoma), bone marrow suppression syndromes (mainly anemia), and lead to secondary infectious diseases caused by suppressive effects of the virus on bone marrow and the immune system. Today, FeLV is less commonly diagnosed than in the previous 20 years; prevalence has been decreasing in most countries. However, FeLV importance may be underestimated as it has been shown that regressively infected cats (that are negative in routinely used FeLV tests) also can develop clinical signs. FIV can cause an acquired immunodeficiency syndrome that increases the risk of opportunistic infections, neurological diseases, and tumors. In most naturally infected cats, however, FIV itself does not cause severe clinical signs, and FIV-infected cats may live many years without any health problems. This article provides a review of clinical syndromes in progressively and regressively FeLV-infected cats as well as in FIV-infected cats.
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            Clinical aspects of feline immunodeficiency and feline leukemia virus infection

            Katrin Hartmann (2011)
            Feline leukemia virus (FeLV) and feline immunodeficiency virus (FIV) are retroviruses with a global impact on the health of domestic cats. The two viruses differ in their potential to cause disease. FIV can cause an acquired immunodeficiency syndrome that increases the risk of developing opportunistic infections, neurological diseases, and tumors. In most naturally infected cats, however, FIV itself does not cause severe clinical signs, and FIV-infected cats may live many years without any health problems. FeLV is more pathogenic, and was long considered to be responsible for more clinical syndromes than any other agent in cats. FeLV can cause tumors (mainly lymphoma), bone marrow suppression syndromes (mainly anemia) and lead to secondary infectious diseases caused by suppressive effects of the virus on bone marrow and the immune system. Today, FeLV is less important as a deadly infectious agent as in the last 20 years prevalence has been decreasing in most countries.
            Article 0 comments Cited 63 times – based on 0 reviews     Review now
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              Epidemiologic and clinical aspects of feline immunodeficiency virus infection in cats from the continental United States and Canada and possible mode of transmission.

              R Nakamura, T Morishita, J Yamamoto … (1989)
              The epidemiologic features of feline immunodeficiency virus (FIV) infection were evaluated in 2,765 cats from the United States and Canada. Of these cats, 2,254 were considered by veterinarians to be at high risk for the infection, and 511 were healthy cats considered to be at low or unknown risk. Of the cats in the high-risk group, 318 (14%) were found to be infected with FIV. The infection rate among low- or unknown-risk cats was 6 of 511 (1.2%). Male cats in the high-risk group were 3 times more likely to be infected than were females, similarly as were cats greater than 6 years old, compared with younger cats; domestic cats, compared with purebred cats; and free-roaming cats, compared with confined cats. Feline immunodeficiency virus and FeLV infections did not appear to be linked with each other; 16% of FeLV-infected cats in the high- and low-risk groups were coinfected with FIV. In contrast, there was a pronounced linkage between FIV and feline syncytium-forming virus (FeSFV) infections. Seventy-four percent of FeSFV-infected cats in the high-risk study group were coinfected with FIV, compared with a 38% FIV infection rate among cats that were not infected with FeSFV. The major clinical manifestations associated with FIV infection in cats that were surveyed included chronic oral cavity infections (56%), chronic upper respiratory tract disease (34%), chronic enteritis (19%), and chronic conjunctivitis (11%). Bacterial infections of the urinary tract (cystitis), skin, and ears were seen in a small proportion of cats.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                Journal ID (iso-abbrev): JFMS Open Rep
                Title: JFMS open reports
                Publisher: SAGE Publications
                ISSN (Electronic): 2055-1169
                ISSN (Print): 2055-1169
                Publication date (Electronic): September 12 2018
                Volume: 3
                Issue: 2
                Affiliations
                [1 ] Veterinary Centre, Waimate, New Zealand.
                [2 ] Institute of Veterinary, Animal and Biomedical Sciences, Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand.
                Article
                Publisher Item ID: 10.1177_2055116917729311
                DOI: 10.1177/2055116917729311
                PMC ID: 6125856
                PubMed ID: 30202540
                SO-VID: bbaedd7e-dba1-40ac-9ce8-d54b5a692b68
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