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      Impact of Toll-like receptor 4 signaling in necrotizing enterocolitis: The state of the science

      research-article
      , DVM, Phd 1 , , MD, MS 1
      Clinics in perinatology
      Necrotizing enterocolitis, TLR4, inflammation, epithelial cells

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          Abstract

          Necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) remains a leading cause of preterm infant mortality. NEC is multifactorial and thought to be a consequence of intestinal immaturity, microbial dysbiosis and an exuberant inflammatory response. Over the last decade, exaggerated TLR4 activity in the immature intestine of preterm neonates emerged as an inciting event preceding NEC. High TLR4 activity in epithelial cells results in the initiation of an uncontrolled immune response and destruction of the mucosal barrier. We will discuss the state of the science of the molecular mechanisms involved in TLR4-mediated inflammation during NEC and the development of new therapeutic strategies to prevent NEC.

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          Author and article information

          Journal
          7501306
          3055
          Clin Perinatol
          Clin Perinatol
          Clinics in perinatology
          0095-5108
          1557-9840
          2 October 2018
          20 December 2018
          March 2019
          01 March 2020
          : 46
          : 1
          : 145-157
          Affiliations
          [1 ]Division of Newborn Medicine and the Department of Pediatrics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri.
          Author notes
          Corresponding Author: Misty Good MD, MS, Assistant Professor, Division of Newborn Medicine, Departments of Pediatrics, Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis Children’s Hospital, 660 S. Euclid Ave., Campus Box 8208, McDonnell Pediatric Research Building Office 4102, St. Louis, MO 63110, Office: 314.286.1329, Fax: 314.286.2897, mistygood@ 123456wustl.edu
          Article
          PMC6383801 PMC6383801 6383801 nihpa1508449
          10.1016/j.clp.2018.09.007
          6383801
          30771815
          8c445a3d-6c5d-4334-91a4-f7eb81eb1266
          History
          Categories
          Article

          epithelial cells,inflammation,TLR4,Necrotizing enterocolitis

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