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      Clinical efficacy of anti-IgE therapy for eosinophilic otitis media.

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          Abstract

          Eosinophilic otitis media (EOM) is an intractable otitis media characterized by a highly viscous effusion containing eosinophils, and high levels of immunoglobulin (Ig) E are detected in the middle ear effusion (MEE). We carried out a pilot study to determine whether anti-IgE therapy is efficacious in the treatment of EOM.

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          Most cited references16

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          A randomized, placebo-controlled, dose-ranging study of single-dose omalizumab in patients with H1-antihistamine-refractory chronic idiopathic urticaria.

          Proof-of-concept studies with omalizumab in patients with chronic idiopathic urticaria (CIU) have shown significant decreases in mean urticaria activity scores (UASs). We sought to evaluate the efficacy and safety of omalizumab in patients with CIU who remain symptomatic despite concomitant H(1)-antihistamine therapy. This phase II, prospective, double-blind, placebo-controlled, dose-ranging study investigated omalizumab in patients aged 12 to 75 years in the United States and 18 to 75 years in Germany with a UAS over 7 days (UAS7) of 12 or greater despite antihistamine therapy. Patients were randomized 1:1:1:1 to receive a single subcutaneous dose of 75, 300, or 600 mg of omalizumab or placebo added to a stable dose of H(1)-antihistamine. The primary efficacy outcome was change from baseline to week 4 in UAS7. Patients were followed for an additional 12 weeks to monitor safety. Ninety patients from the United States or Germany were enrolled. Both the 300-mg omalizumab group (-19.9 vs -6.9, P < .001) and the 600-mg omalizumab group (-14.6 vs -6.9, P = .047) showed greater improvement versus the placebo group in UAS7. No meaningful difference was observed for the 75-mg omalizumab group. Similar results were seen for key secondary end points of weekly hive and itch scores. Onset of effect occurred after 1 to 2 weeks. Omalizumab was well tolerated, and the incidence of adverse events was similar across treatment groups. This study demonstrated that a fixed dose of 300 or 600 mg of omalizumab provides rapid and effective treatment of CIU in patients who are symptomatic despite treatment with H(1)-antihistamines. Copyright © 2011 American Academy of Allergy, Asthma & Immunology. Published by Mosby, Inc. All rights reserved.
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            Efficacy and tolerability of anti-immunoglobulin E therapy with omalizumab in patients with concomitant allergic asthma and persistent allergic rhinitis: SOLAR.

            Anti-IgE therapy could be particularly beneficial for patients with concomitant disease as it targets a common factor in both diseases. The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of omalizumab in patients with concomitant moderate-to-severe asthma and persistent allergic rhinitis. This multicentre, randomized, double-blind, parallel-group, placebo-controlled trial evaluated the safety and efficacy of omalizumab. A total of 405 patients (12-74 years) with a stable treatment (>/= 400 microg budesonide Turbuhaler) and >/= 2 unscheduled medical visits for asthma during the past year or >/= 3 during the past 2 years were enrolled. Patients received omalizumab (>/= 0.016 mg/kg/IgE [IU/ml] per 4 weeks) or placebo for 28 weeks. Fewer patients treated with omalizumab experienced asthma exacerbations (20.6%) than placebo-treated patients (30.1%), P = 0.02. A clinically significant (>/= 1.0 point) improvement in both Asthma Quality of Life Questionnaire and Rhinitis Quality of Life Questionnaire occurred in 57.7% of omalizumab patients compared with 40.6% of placebo patients (P < 0.001). Omalizumab reduced Wasserfallen symptom scores for asthma (P = 0.023), rhinitis (P < 0.001) and the composite asthma/rhinitis scores (P < 0.001) compared with placebo. Serious adverse events were observed in 1.4% of omalizumab-treated patients and 1.5% of placebo-treated patients. Omalizumab is well tolerated and effective in preventing asthma exacerbations and improving quality of life in patients with concomitant asthma and persistent allergic rhinitis.
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              Efficacy and safety of subcutaneous omalizumab vs placebo as add-on therapy to corticosteroids for children and adults with asthma: a systematic review.

              Omalizumab is a humanized monoclonal anti-IgE for the treatment of severe allergic asthma. Because omalizumab targets an immune system molecule, there has been particular interest in the drug's safety. To establish the efficacy and safety of subcutaneous omalizumab as add-on therapy to corticosteroids, a systematic review of placebo-controlled studies was performed. Primary outcomes were reduction of steroid use and asthma exacerbations. Secondary outcome measures included lung function, rescue medication use, asthma symptoms, health-related quality of life, and adverse effects. Eight trials (3,429 participants) fulfilled the selection criteria. At the end of the steroid-reduction phase, patients taking omalizumab were more likely to be able to withdraw from corticosteroids completely compared with those taking placebo (relative risk [RR] = 1.80; 95% CI, 1.42-2.28; P = .00001). Omalizumab patients showed a decreased risk of asthma exacerbations at the end of the stable (RR = 0.57; 95% CI, 0.48-0.66; P = .0001) and adjustable-steroid phases (RR = 0.55; 95% CI, 0.47-0.64; P = .0001); post-hoc analysis suggests this effect was independent of duration of treatment, age, severity of asthma, and risk of bias. The frequency of serious adverse effects was similar in the omalizumab (3.8%) and placebo (5.3%) groups. However, injection site reactions were more frequent in the omalizumab patients (19.9% vs 13.2%). There were no indications of increased risk of hypersensitivity reactions, cardiovascular effects, or malignant neoplasms. Data indicate that the efficacy of add-on omalizumab in patients with moderate-to-severe allergic asthma is accompanied by an acceptable safety profile.
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                Otol. Neurotol.
                Otology & neurotology : official publication of the American Otological Society, American Neurotology Society [and] European Academy of Otology and Neurotology
                Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)
                1537-4505
                1531-7129
                Sep 2012
                : 33
                : 7
                Affiliations
                [1 ] Department of Otolaryngology, Jichi Medical University Saitama Medical Center, Saitama, Japan. yiino@jichi.ac.jp
                Article
                10.1097/MAO.0b013e318263d5b8
                22825324
                a531b529-2d3e-4617-81aa-c2647868f3dd
                History

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