Ephemeroptera of Canada

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Abstract

Thus far, 335 currently valid species in 82 genera and 21 families of mayflies (Ephemeroptera) have been documented from Canada, remarkably representing a little more than half of the combined species richness of Canada, Mexico and the USA. The current known species richness for Canada represents an increase of 11.3% as compared to that reported in 1979. Species richness is greatest in the families Heptageniidae (83), Baetidae (76) and Ephemerellidae (45). A total of 328 DNA Barcode Index Numbers (BINs) are available for Canadian mayfly species. The greatest net gains anticipated for future species tallies are for Baetidae (25), Heptageniidae (10) and Leptophlebiidae (10). A total of 66 more species overall is anticipated for Canada, with greatest gains potentially coming from lentic habitats across Canada and from far eastern and far western areas in general. However, even metropolitan areas should not be overlooked for the potential of discovery.

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Biological identifications of mayflies (Ephemeroptera) using DNA barcodes

Shelley Ball, Paul Hebert, Steven Burian … (2005)

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Towards a comprehensive barcode library for arctic life - Ephemeroptera, Plecoptera, and Trichoptera of Churchill, Manitoba, Canada

Xin Zhou, Sarah Adamowicz, Luke Jacobus … (2009)

Background This study reports progress in assembling a DNA barcode reference library for Ephemeroptera, Plecoptera, and Trichoptera ("EPTs") from a Canadian subarctic site, which is the focus of a comprehensive biodiversity inventory using DNA barcoding. These three groups of aquatic insects exhibit a moderate level of species diversity, making them ideal for testing the feasibility of DNA barcoding for routine biotic surveys. We explore the correlation between the morphological species delineations, DNA barcode-based haplotype clusters delimited by a sequence threshold (2%), and a threshold-free approach to biodiversity quantification--phylogenetic diversity. Results A DNA barcode reference library is built for 112 EPT species for the focal region, consisting of 2277 COI sequences. Close correspondence was found between EPT morphospecies and haplotype clusters as designated using a standard threshold value. Similarly, the shapes of taxon accumulation curves based upon haplotype clusters were very similar to those generated using phylogenetic diversity accumulation curves, but were much more computationally efficient. Conclusion The results of this study will facilitate other lines of research on northern EPTs and also bode well for rapidly conducting initial biodiversity assessments in unknown EPT faunas.

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If you've got it, flaunt it: Ingested alkaloids affect corematal display behavior in the salt marsh moth, Estigmene acrea

Alex Jordan, Tappey Jones, William E Conner (2005)

Plant-derived pyrrolizidine alkaloids play an important role in the biology of the salt marsh moth, Estigmene acrea (Lepidoptera: Arctiidae). They are phagostimulants for larvae and they stimulate the growth and development of adult male androconial organs called coremata. In this study, we have shown that the pyrrolizidine alkaloid monocrotaline N-oxide (MNO) fed to larvae also affects the courtship behavior of adult males. Males fed a diet containing MNO display their coremata while males fed on the same diet without alkaloid rarely display. This explains why it has been difficult to replicate field observations of the “lekking” behavior of this species in the laboratory where animals are frequently raised on commercially available diets devoid of alkaloids. Corematal inflation was observed in isolated males and in laboratory leks. The effect of larvae feeding on pyrrolizidine alkaloid on the reproductive behavior of adults suggests that this substance may modify the development of the moth's nervous system and contribute to their unusual dual mating strategies. MNO was also shown to be an adequate precursor for the production of the courtship pheromone hydroxydanaidal.

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Author and article information

Journal

Title: ZooKeys

Abbreviated Title: ZK

Publisher: Pensoft Publishers

ISSN (Electronic): 1313-2970

ISSN (Print): 1313-2989

Publication date Created: January 24 2019

Publication date (Electronic): January 24 2019

Volume: 819

Pages: 211-225

Article

DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.819.26411

SO-VID: 0b11d8ad-d74b-415e-a8e8-ad60cc0cf43d

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http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

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Ephemeroptera of Canada

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Pensoft Biodiversity

Most cited references 102

Biological identifications of mayflies (Ephemeroptera) using DNA barcodes

Towards a comprehensive barcode library for arctic life - Ephemeroptera, Plecoptera, and Trichoptera of Churchill, Manitoba, Canada

If you've got it, flaunt it: Ingested alkaloids affect corematal display behavior in the salt marsh moth, Estigmene acrea

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