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      Role of haptoglobin phenotype in end-stage kidney disease.

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          Abstract

          We recently reported that haptoglobin (Hp) phenotype 1-1 is protective against the development of nephropathy in normal creatinine diabetics. In the present study, we sought to determine if Hp phenotype also plays a role in renal deterioration by determining Hp phenotypes in a consecutive series of patients with chronic renal failure (CRF) in hemodialysis (HD) and predialysis clinics.

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          Most cited references13

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          Structure-function analysis of the antioxidant properties of haptoglobin.

          Haptoglobin serves as an antioxidant by virtue of its ability to prevent hemoglobin-driven oxidative tissue damage. It was recently demonstrated that an allelic polymorphism in the haptoglobin gene is predictive of the risk for numerous microvascular and macrovascular diabetic complications. Because these complications are attributed in large part to an increase in oxidative stress, a study was conducted to determine whether the different protein products of the 2 haptoglobin alleles differed in the antioxidant protection they provided. A statistically significant difference was found in the antioxidant capacity of purified haptoglobin protein produced from the 2 different alleles, consistent with the hypothesis that differences in genetically determined antioxidant status may explain differential susceptibility to diabetic vascular complications. These differences may be amplified in the vessel wall because of differences in the sieving capacity of the haptoglobin types. Therefore, an attempt was made to identify the minimal haptoglobin sequences necessary to inhibit oxidation by hemoglobin in vitro, and 2 independent haptoglobin peptides that function in this fashion as efficiently as native haptoglobin were identified. Identification of the biochemical basis for differences among haptoglobin types may lead to the rational development of new pharmacologic agents, such as the mini-haptoglobin described here, to avert the development of diabetic vascular complications.
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            Haptoglobin phenotype and vascular complications in patients with diabetes.

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              Haptoglobin phenotype and coronary artery collaterals in diabetic patients.

              Cross-cultural epidemiological studies of incident cardiovascular disease in the diabetic patient have demonstrated marked differences in susceptibility that may be due to a genetic factor. The coronary artery collateral circulation is the chief determinant of the size of a myocardial infarction and is highly variable between patients. We recently demonstrated that a functional allelic polymorphism in the haptoglobin gene is correlated with a number of diabetic vascular complications. We thus set out to test the hypothesis that haptoglobin phenotype is associated with collateral formation in the setting of diabetes. We correlated the Hp phenotype (1-1, 2-1 or 2-2) as determined by polyacrylamide electrophoresis with the presence or absence of coronary collaterals by angiography in 82 consecutive diabetic patients and 138 consecutive non-diabetic patients undergoing catheterization. We found that diabetic patients with the Hp phenotype 2-1 were more likely to have collaterals than diabetic patients with the Hp phenotype 2-2 (P=0.007). There was no correlation between Hp phenotypes and the presence of collaterals in non-diabetic patients. Hp phenotype thus appears to be associated with the development of the coronary collateral circulation in diabetic patients with coronary artery disease. Haptoglobin 2-2 may predispose to less compensation for coronary artery stenosis in diabetic patients, and thereby portend a worse prognosis.
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                Nephron Exp. Nephrol.
                Nephron. Experimental nephrology
                S. Karger AG
                1660-2129
                1660-2129
                2004
                : 97
                : 2
                Affiliations
                [1 ] Department of Nephrology, Rambam Medical Center, Haifa, Israel. burbea@rambam.health.gov.il
                Article
                78408
                10.1159/000078408
                15218325
                aa449280-e5d6-444e-bbfc-abc252b0d1e6
                History

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