Redescription ofClinostomum phalacrocoracismetacercariae (Digenea: Clinostomidae) in cichlids from Lake Kinneret, Israel

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Abstract

Clinostomidae are digeneans characterized by a complex taxonomic history, continuously under revision based on both morphological and molecular analysis. Among the 14 species considered valid so far Clinostomum phalacrocoracis has been well described only at the adult stage, whereas the morphology of the metacercarial stage has been reported only once. During a parasitological survey carried out on 262 wild cichlids sampled from Lake Kinneret (Israel) metacercariae referable to C. phalacrocoracis were found in 18 fingerlings. In this study, we report this clinostomid species for the first time in wild fish from Israel describing the metacercarial stage of Clinostomum phalacrocoracis, coupling its morphological description with molecular analysis carried out on ITS rDNA and COI mtDNA sequences.

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Development of primers for the mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase I gene in digenetic trematodes (Platyhelminthes) illustrates the challenge of barcoding parasitic helminths.

David Marcogliese, Anna Moszczynska, Nathan McLaughlin … (2009)

The phylum Platyhelminthes is a diverse group of flatworms that includes parasites with serious impacts on human health, animal husbandry, aquaculture and wildlife management. Here we present degenerate primers for the barcode region of the mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase I (COI) gene in flatworms. Although amplicons were obtained from a wide taxonomic range in the Cestoda and Trematoda, COI fragments from many taxa in these classes did not amplify. Primers specific to trematodes in the family Diplostomidae were also developed. Amplification success was much higher with diplostomid-specific primers and sequences were obtained from 504 of 585 specimens of Diplostomum and Tylodelphys. Sequences from the barcode region resolved all specimens to the species level, with mean divergence between congeners of 19% (3.9-25%). Because many of our specimens were small, we initially amplified part of the nuclear small subunit ribosomal (r) RNA gene to evaluate the quality and quantity of DNA in our specimens. Short sequences (~380 nt) of this gene were recovered from most specimens and can be used to distinguish specimens at the family level and often the generic level. We suggest that rRNA genes could be used to screen samples of completely unknown taxonomy, after which specific COI primers could be used to obtain species-level identifications. © 2009 Blackwell Publishing Ltd.

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Morphological and molecular differentiation of Clinostomum complanatum and Clinostomum marginatum (Digenea: Clinostomidae) metacercariae and adults.

S Locke, Maria Fioravanti, David Marcogliese … (2011)

The separation of Clinostomum complanatum Rudolphi, 1814 and Clinostomum marginatum Rudolphi, 1819 has long been unclear. Recent data confirm the validity of the junior species, C. marginatum , by ∼ 1% differences in its 18S rDNA sequences. We collected adults and metacercariae of C. complanatum and C. marginatum and found reliable morphological differences in the genital complex at both developmental stages. In addition, we identified basic morphometrics (distance between suckers, body width) in metacercariae that may be useful for discriminating the species. The morphological differences were supported by the comparison of sequences of internal transcribed spacers of ribosomal DNA and of the mitochondrial gene cytochrome c oxidase I (COI) from 39 specimens. In 36 specimens, the average divergence between the species was 7.3% in ITS and 19.4% in COI sequences. Two specimens from North America and 1 from Europe had sequences that did not allow them to be clearly allied with either species.

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A comparative study of helminth parasites from the fish Tilapia zillii and Oreochromis leucostictus in Lake Naivasha and Oloidien Bay, Kenya.

Peninah A Aloo (2002)

The parasitic fauna of two fish species, namely gill-netted samples of 652 Oreochromis leucostictus and 448 Tilapia zillii from Lake Naivasha and Oloidien Bay was investigated during the period from the end of October 1995 to September 1996. Five larval helminth parasites were recovered including the nematode, Contracaecum sp., the acanthocephalan Polyacanthorhynchus kenyensis, the digenetic trematode, Clinostomum sp. and two cestodes, Amirthalingamia sp. and Cyclustera sp. Both prevalence and intensity of the infection of these helminths increased in larger sized fish, whereas male fish were more heavily infected than females. No seasonality in infection level were observed. The health status of both fish species remained unaffected, although O. leucostictus from Oloidien Bay which harboured heavy infections of Contracaecum exhibited stuntedness and the lack of fatty deposits around the digestive caecum.

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Author and article information

Journal

Title: Parasite

Abbreviated Title: Parasite

Publisher: EDP Sciences

ISSN (Electronic): 1776-1042

Publication date Created: 2014

Publication date (Print): July 2014

Volume: 21

Issue:

Page: 32

Article

DOI: 10.1051/parasite/2014034

SO-VID: 1a893621-030b-40bf-b7e8-16c9306ba2ce

License:

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Unported License. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

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ScienceOpen disciplines: Parasitology,Life sciences

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ScienceOpen disciplines: Parasitology, Life sciences

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