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      The interdependence of African American men's definitions of manhood and health

      research-article
      , PhD, , PhD, , PhD, MSRC, MDiv, CRC, , PhD, , MD, PhD
      Family & community health

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          Abstract

          In this paper we explore themes that cut across how 24-77 year old African American men define manhood and health. Utilizing a thematic approach, we analyzed data from nine focus groups (N=73). We found that manhood and health were relational constructs that are interrelated in men's minds and experiences. Manhood and health were defined by the characteristics men embody, the behaviors men engage in and the goals and values men had to positively influence their families and communities. Thus, manhood and health are interdependent constructs and their interrelationship should be considered in efforts to promote African American men's health.

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          Most cited references43

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          Constructions of masculinity and their influence on men's well-being: a theory of gender and health.

          Men in the United States suffer more severe chronic conditions, have higher death rates for all 15 leading causes of death, and die nearly 7 yr younger than women. Health-related beliefs and behaviours are important contributors to these differences. Men in the United States are more likely than women to adopt beliefs and behaviours that increase their risks, and are less likely to engage in behaviours that are linked with health and longevity. In an attempt to explain these differences, this paper proposes a relational theory of men's health from a social constructionist and feminist perspective. It suggests that health-related beliefs and behaviours, like other social practices that women and men engage in, are a means for demonstrating femininities and masculinities. In examining constructions of masculinity and health within a relational context, this theory proposes that health behaviours are used in daily interactions in the social structuring of gender and power. It further proposes that the social practices that undermine men's health are often signifiers of masculinity and instruments that men use in the negotiation of social power and status. This paper explores how factors such as ethnicity, economic status, educational level, sexual orientation and social context influence the kind of masculinity that men construct and contribute to differential health risks among men in the United States. It also examines how masculinity and health are constructed in relation to femininities and to institutional structures, such as the health care system. Finally, it explores how social and institutional structures help to sustain and reproduce men's health risks and the social construction of men as the stronger sex.
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            Hard won and easily lost: A review and synthesis of theory and research on precarious manhood.

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              The Structure of Male Role Norms

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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                Role: Associate Professor
                Journal
                7809641
                3685
                Fam Community Health
                Fam Community Health
                Family & community health
                0160-6379
                1550-5057
                29 July 2015
                Oct-Dec 2015
                01 October 2016
                : 38
                : 4
                : 284-296
                Affiliations
                Vanderbilt University, Medicine, Health and Society, 2301 Vanderbilt Place, PMB# 351665, Nashville, TN 37235-1665, UNITED STATES
                Vanderbilt University
                Myrlie Evers-Williams Institute for the Elimination of Health Disparities; Center for Health of Minority Males
                Program for Research on Men's Health, Hopkins Center for Health Disparities Solutions; Department of Health, Behavior, and Society, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health
                Center for Medicine, Health, and Society, Vanderbilt University
                Author notes
                Corresponding Author: Derek M Griffith, PhD, Associate Professor, 6153220648, mobile: 6153430916, derek.griffith@ 123456vanderbilt.edu
                Article
                PMC4547385 PMC4547385 4547385 nihpa704666
                10.1097/FCH.0000000000000079
                4547385
                26291189
                c44d04b3-0d16-4bc3-9019-8b1a2a3f89fb
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