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      Cargas y especies prevalentes de nematodos gastrointestinales en ovinos de pelo destinados al abasto Translated title: Gastrointestinal nematodes burden and prevalent species in hair sheep for slaughter

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          Abstract

          El objetivo del trabajo fue determinar la prevalencia y conteo de nematodos gastrointestinales (ngi) de ovinos de pelo destinados al abasto. El estudio se llevó a cabo en un rastro en Villahermosa, Tabasco, donde se analizó el contenido gastrointestinal de 122 ovinos provenientes de diferentes municipios del estado de Tabasco (Centro, Emiliano Zapata, Centla, Huimanguillo y Teapa) y Chiapas (Reforma). Se utilizó el procedimiento GLM del SAS para analizar la influencia de la edad, sexo, estado fisiológico y mes de muestreo en los conteos de nematodos adultos totales y por especie. Las especies de nematodos encontrados fueron Haemonchus contortus, Trichostrongylus colubriformis y Cooperia curticei, además el cestodo Moniezia expansa. El 41 % (50/122) de los animales presentaron alguno de los anteriores parásitos. El mayor porcentaje de ovinos parasitados se encontró en los municipios de Huimanguillo (54 %, 22/41) y Centro (40 %, 19/47). De los ovinos machos sacrificados (64/122), los de desecho (8/64) tuvieron el mayor número de ngi (2190 ± 3263) y de las hembras (58/122), las vacías (40/58) presentaron la mayor cantidad de ngi (486 ± 1120). En los ovinos de 31 a 36 meses de edad, las cargas parasitarias (49 ± 143) fueron menores que en los animales de todas las demás edades. Se concluye que en la población de estudio la edad, sexo y estado fisiológico afectaron la prevalencia de nematodos adultos.

          Translated abstract

          The aim of this work was to determine the prevalence and gastrointestinal nematodes (gin) burden in hair sheep for slaughter. The study was carried out in a slaughterhouse in Villahermosa, Tabasco. Gastrointestinal contents from 122 sheep were analyzed. The animals came from different municipalities of Tabasco (Centro, Emiliano Zapata, Centla, Huimanguillo Teapa) and Chiapas (Reforma). The GLM procedure of SAS was used to analyze the adult nematode counts and counts by species respect to the age, sex, physiological status and sampling month. Haemonchus contortus, Trichostrongylus colubriformis and Cooperia curticei were the principal nematodes species found in this study and showed the presence of the cestode Moniezia expansa. 41 % (50/122) of the animals sampled had any of the above parasites. The highest percentage of parasitized sheep occurred in Centro (40 %, 19/47) and Huimanguillo (54 %, 22/ 41). The discarded males (8/64) had the highest number of gin (2190 ± 3263). Of ewes (58/122) the open (40/58) had the highest amount of gin (486 ± 1120). In sheep from 31 to 36 mo of age, parasite burdens (49 ± 143) were lower than in animals of all other ages. It was conclude that in the study population age, sex and physiological status affected the number of adult nematodes prevalent in the host.

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          Most cited references48

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          Alternative or improved methods to limit gastro-intestinal parasitism in grazing sheep and goats

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            Pathophysiology of infection with gastrointestinal nematodes in domestic ruminants: recent developments.

            M.T. FOX (1997)
            Infection with gastrointestinal nematodes, particularly Ostertagia species in domestic ruminants, continues to represent an important cause of impaired productivity in temperate parts of the world. The mechanisms responsible for such losses include changes in feed intake, gastrointestinal function, protein, energy and mineral metabolism, and body composition, and were described in detail at the last Ostertagia Workshop (Fox, M.T. 1993. Pathophysiology of infection with Ostertagia ostertagi in cattle. Vet. Parasitol. 46, 143-158). Since then, research into the pathophysiology of infection has focused on three main areas: mechanisms of appetite depression; changes in gastrointestinal function; and alterations in protein metabolism. Studies on the mechanisms responsible for appetite depression in Ostertagia-infected cattle have continued to support a close association between impaired feed intake and elevated blood gastrin concentrations. Alternative explanations will have to be sought, however, to account for the drop in feed intake associated with intestinal parasitism in which blood gastrin levels normally remain unaltered. Such work in sheep, and more recently in laboratory animals, has shown that central satiety signals are associated with inappetance accompanying intestinal infections, rather than changes in peripheral peptide levels. Changes in gastrointestinal function have also attracted attention, particularly the mechanisms responsible for increases in certain gut secretions, notably pepsinogen and gastrin. Elegant experimental studies have established that the gradient in pepsinogen concentration between abomasal mucosa and local capillaries could alone account for the increase in blood concentrations seen in Type 1 ostertagiosis. Additional factors, such as increases in capillary permeability and in surface area, probably contribute to such responses in cases of Type 2 disease. The increase in blood gastrin concentrations that accompanies Ostertagia infections in cattle is associated with the concurrent rise in abomasal pH. However, in sheep, additional factors appear to contribute to the hypergastrinaemia which may occur independent of parasite-induced changes in gastric pH. Alterations in protein metabolism have been well documented in ruminants harbouring monospecific infections with either abomasal or intestinal nematodes. More recently, however, the effects of dual abomasal and intestinal infections have been investigated and demonstrated that the host is able to compensate for impaired abomasal digestion provided that the intestinal parasite burden does not occupy the main site of digestion and absorption in the latter organ. An alternative method of improving the host's protein balance, dietary supplementation, has been shown not only to improve productivity, but also to enhance the innate resistance of susceptible breeds of sheep to Haemonchus and to accelerate the development of immunity to Ostertagia in lambs.
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              A dictionary of epidemiology

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                Author and article information

                Journal
                rmcp
                Revista mexicana de ciencias pecuarias
                Rev. mex. de cienc. pecuarias
                Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Forestales, Agrícolas y Pecuarias (Mérida, Yucatán, Mexico )
                2007-1124
                2448-6698
                June 2013
                : 4
                : 2
                : 223-234
                Affiliations
                [03] Veracruz Ver orgnameColegio de Posgraduados. México
                [01] Cárdenas Tabasco orgnameColegio de Posgraduados. México
                [02] Tabasco orgnameUniversidad Autónoma Chapingo (UACh). México robgardu@ 123456hotmail.com
                Article
                S2007-11242013000200008 S2007-1124(13)00400200008
                00cb0b51-4f76-4fb6-acba-dc35e1d09bc4

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.

                History
                : 13 July 2012
                : 03 May 2012
                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 29, Pages: 12
                Product

                SciELO Mexico

                Categories
                Notas de investigación

                Trichostrongylus colubriformis,Nematodos,Nematodes,Haemonchus contortus,Parasitosis,Cooperia curticei,Parasitism

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