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      Roturas retinianas em retinocoroidite por toxoplasmose: série de casos Translated title: Retinal tears in toxoplasmic retinochoroiditis: case series

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          Abstract

          Trata-se de série retrospectiva de 10 pacientes com rotura retiniana e retinocoroidite por toxoplasmose atendidos no Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto, de janeiro de 2007 a abril de 2008, com objetivo de avaliar a relação entre lesões de retinocoroidite e a ocorrência de rotura retiniana. Foram utilizados teste de Fisher e qui-quadrado com nível de significância p<0,05. Oito casos (80%) apresentaram descolamento de retina. Doze roturas foram identificadas, localizando-se principalmente na periferia temporal superior (6 casos, 50%). Não foi observada relação estatisticamente significativa entre localização da rotura e da cicatriz coriorretiniana considerando a distribuição em cinco quadrantes (p=0,0828) ou em três zonas (p=0,2507). A ocorrência de roturas retinianas em pacientes com uveíte posterior pode estar relacionada ao descolamento precoce do vítreo posterior causado pelo processo inflamatório intraocular. Não foi observado neste estudo correlação entre a localização das roturas retinianas e as cicatrizes de coriorretinite, o que sugere um mecanismo não relacionado diretamente à cicatriz.

          Translated abstract

          This study is a retrospective case series aiming to evaluate the relation between toxoplasmic retinochoroiditis scars and the occurrence of retinal tears. Ten patients with retinal tear and toxoplasmic retinochoroiditis examined at the School of Medicine of Ribeirão Preto Clinics Hospital, between January 2007 and April 2008, were included. Fisher test and qui-square test with significance level of p<0.05 were used. Eight cases (80%) had retinal detachment. Twelve tears were found and localized mostly in the temporal superior periphery (6 cases, 50%). No statistically significant association between retinal tear and chorioretinal scar localization was observed considering five retinal quadrants (p=0.0828) or three zones (p=0.2507). The occurrence of retinal tears in patients with uveitis may be related to early posterior vitreous detachment caused by the intraocular inflammatory process. No correlation was observed between the localization of retinal tears and chorioretinal scars in this study, which suggests a causative factor not directly related to the presence of a scar.

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          Most cited references14

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          Variations in recurrent active toxoplasmic retinochoroiditis.

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            Retinal detachment in ocular toxoplasmosis.

            To report on the clinical course and prognosis of retinal breaks and detachment occurring in patients with ocular toxoplasmosis.
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              Eye manifestations of congenital toxoplasmosis.

              To determine the natural history of treated and untreated congenital toxoplasmosis and impact of this infection on vision. In this prospective, longitudinal study, 76 newborns were treated with pyrimethamine and sulfadiazine for approximately one year, and 18 individuals not treated during their first year of life entered the study after age 1 year (historical patients). Chorioretinal scars were the most common eye finding in all patients and were most common in the periphery (58% of treated and 82% of historical patients). Macular scars were present in 54% of the treated patients; 41% were bilateral. Macular scars were present in 76% of the historical patients; 23% were bilateral. Visual acuity in the presence of macular lesions ranged from 20/20 to 20/400. Of the patients followed up from the newborn period and treated, 29% had bilateral visual impairment, with visual acuity for the best eye of less than 20/40. Causes for this visual impairment in eyes with quiescent lesions included macular scars, dragging of the macula secondary to a peripheral lesion, retinal detachment, optic atrophy, cataract, amblyopia, and phthisis. There were recurrences in both treated (13%, 7/54) and previously untreated historical patients (44%, 8/18). The total, median, and range of years of follow-up during which recurrences were observed were, for treated patients, 189 years (total), five years (median) and three to ten years (range) and, for historical, untreated patients, 160 years (total), 11 years (median), and three to 24 years (range). New lesions occurred in previously normal retinas and also contiguous to older scars. Active lesions appeared to become quiescent within ten to 14 days after beginning pyrimethamine and sulfadiazine therapy. Many children with congenital toxoplasmosis have substantial retinal damage at birth and consequent loss of vision. Nonetheless, vision may be remarkably good in the presence of large macular scars. Active lesions become quiescent with treatment.
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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Journal
                abo
                Arquivos Brasileiros de Oftalmologia
                Arq. Bras. Oftalmol.
                Conselho Brasileiro de Oftalmologia (São Paulo, SP, Brazil )
                0004-2749
                1678-2925
                December 2009
                : 72
                : 6
                : 829-831
                Affiliations
                [01] Ribeirão Preto SP orgnameUniversidade de São Paulo orgdiv1Faculdade de Medicina orgdiv2Hospital das Clínicas Brasil
                Article
                S0004-27492009000600018
                10.1590/S0004-27492009000600018
                00e1ed13-c20c-4810-a8d7-65f18734084e

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

                History
                : 07 January 2009
                : 03 June 2009
                : 25 May 2009
                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 9, Pages: 3
                Product

                SciELO Brazil


                Case reports,Perfurações retinianas,Descolamento retiniano,Toxoplasmose,Coriorretinite,Uveíte,Humanos,Relatos de casos,Retinal perforations,Retinal detachment,Toxoplasmosis,Chorioretinitis,Uveitis,Human

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