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      Identificación y caracterización de mudas de transporte, procesos, movimientos y tiempos de espera en nueve pymes manufactureras incorporando la perspectiva del nivel operativo Translated title: Identifying and characterizing of wastes (Muda) in transportation, processes, movements, and waiting time, in nine manufacturing SMEs incorporating the perspective of the operational level

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          Abstract

          Se identifica y se caracteriza en términos de: cantidad, tipo, localización y manifestación, los transportes, tiempos de espera, movimientos y procesos innecesarios en nueve pymes manufactureras de la ciudad de Medellín. El procedimiento constó de las etapas: selección de procesos a estudiar (uno por empresa), capacitación al personal operativo (7 mudas, 5S y gerencia visual), sesión en profundidad con administración de formulario de identificación del muda, verificación en el gemba, y resultados y análisis. Consolidando los hallazgos para las nueve empresas, 151 trabajadores fueron capacitados, los cuales contribuyeron a identificar 1.085 actividades que no aportan valor al cliente, con un promedio de 121 por proceso-empresa, la mayoría fueron transportes (31%) y movimientos innecesarios (29%). Se brindan elementos metodológicos que facilitan la comunicación entre el nivel operativo y los demás, así como la capacitación y la participación activa del mismo, posibilitando identificar oportunidades de mejora para las empresas. Se ofrece información de interés para la academia, el gobierno, los centros de desarrollo tecnológico y el sector productivo.

          Translated abstract

          Is identified and characterized in terms of: quantity, type, location and expression, transportation, waiting times, movements, and unnecessary processes, in nine manufacturing SMEs in the city of Medellin. The procedure consisted of the stages: selection of processes to be studied (one per company), operating personnel training (7 Wastes (Muda), 5S and visual management), deep session with management of the Muda identification form, verifying in the shop floor (Gemba), results and analysis. Consolidating the findings for the nine companies, 151 workers were trained, which helped to identify 1.085 activities that do not add value to the customer, with an average of 121 per process-company, most were transportation (31%) and unnecessary movements (29%). Methodological elements are provided to facilitate communication between the operational level and others, as well as training and active participation of the same, making it possible to identify opportunities for business improvement. It offers information of interest to academia, government, technology development centers and the productive sector.

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          Most cited references38

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          Analyzing the benefits of lean manufacturing and value stream mapping via simulation: A process sector case study

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            Sociological dimensions of illness behavior.

            D Mechanic (1995)
            The almost exclusive dependence on the diagnostic disease model limits addressing the burden of illness and disability typically seen in primary medical care. With aging of populations and increasing prevalence of chronic disease and disability and behavioral disorders, new approaches to patient assessment and intervention are needed to extend traditional models. Using illness behavior as a point of departure, I examine the disability process and the types of considerations relevant to promoting function and maintaining patients' quality of life. At the individual level, alternatives include modifying impairments, increasing patient motivation and encouraging helpful attitudes, teaching coping strategies, identifying helpful assistive devices, educating family members and employers and providing support. A broader view also makes clear that varying aspects of the disability process are appropriate issues for social policy and environmental remediation. In examining various examples of the disability process, the paper focuses on self-appraisal and illness behavior and the way social movements help to define and redefine conceptions of illness and disability. Recognizing that the kinds of changes discussed will not come easily, the paper concludes with a discussion of trends encouraging broader practice orientations and the types of interventions that can be helpful in encouraging and reinforcing such developments.
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              Application of lean manufacturing techniques in the Emergency Department.

              "Lean" is a set of principles and techniques that drive organizations to continually add value to the product they deliver by enhancing process steps that are necessary, relevant, and valuable while eliminating those that fail to add value. Lean has been used in manufacturing for decades and has been associated with enhanced product quality and overall corporate success. To evaluate whether the adoption of Lean principles by an Emergency Department (ED) improves the value of emergency care delivered. Beginning in December 2005, we implemented a variety of Lean techniques in an effort to enhance patient and staff satisfaction. The implementation followed a six-step process of Lean education, ED observation, patient flow analysis, process redesign, new process testing, and full implementation. Process redesign focused on generating improvement ideas from frontline workers across all departmental units. Value-based and operational outcome measures, including patient satisfaction, expense per patient, ED length of stay (LOS), and patient volume were compared for calendar year 2005 (pre-Lean) and periodically after 2006 (post-Lean). Patient visits increased by 9.23% in 2006. Despite this increase, LOS decreased slightly and patient satisfaction increased significantly without raising the inflation adjusted cost per patient. Lean improved the value of the care we delivered to our patients. Generating and instituting ideas from our frontline providers have been the key to the success of our Lean program. Although Lean represents a fundamental change in the way we think of delivering care, the specific process changes we employed tended to be simple, small procedure modifications specific to our unique people, process, and place. We, therefore, believe that institutions or departments aspiring to adopt Lean should focus on the core principles of Lean rather than on emulating specific process changes made at other institutions.
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                ingeniare
                Ingeniare. Revista chilena de ingeniería
                Ingeniare. Rev. chil. ing.
                Universidad de Tarapacá. (Arica, , Chile )
                0718-3305
                December 2011
                : 19
                : 3
                : 396-408
                Affiliations
                [01] Medellín orgnameUniversidad de Antioquia orgdiv1Departamento de Ingeniería Industrial orgdiv2Grupo de investigación Gestión de la Calidad Colombia ejipr056@ 123456udea.edu.co
                Article
                S0718-33052011000300009 S0718-3305(11)01900309
                10.4067/S0718-33052011000300009
                013da160-6bcd-4d94-8f94-6c99158d8db8

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

                History
                : 07 December 2011
                : 24 June 2010
                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 34, Pages: 13
                Product

                SciELO Chile

                Categories
                ARTÍCULOS

                Pymes,SMEs,manufacturing wastes,Lean manufacturing,continuous improvement,mudas de manufactura,mejora continua

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