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      Estimação e predição por modelo linear misto com ênfase na ordenação de médias de tratamentos genéticos Translated title: Estimation and prediction using linear mixed models: the ranking of means of genetic treatments

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          Abstract

          O presente artigo propôs-se a refletir teoricamente o processo de estimação/predição de médias de tratamentos, nos delineamentos em blocos, com ênfase nas suas aplicações em testes de genótipos, no melhoramento vegetal. Neste sentido, procurou-se comparar as análises baseadas no modelo linear fixo (análise intrablocos) e no modelo linear misto com genótipos aleatórios (análise recuperando informação intertratamentos), buscando identificar os fatores que podem determinar diferentes classificações genotípicas. A análise teórica permitiu constatar que a abordagem de modelo misto (com tratamentos aleatórios), comparativamente às análises tradicionais (médias marginais e análise intrablocos), em geral, leva a: i) maior homogeneidade das médias de tratamentos; e ii) seleção de diferentes tratamentos genéticos, quando a variância genotípica for baixa em relação à variância do erro e os ensaios forem não ortogonais e desbalanceados. Ademais, se os tratamentos forem oriundos de várias populações, a predição BLUP poderá determinar diferente classificação das médias de tratamentos, em relação à análise intrablocos, mesmo sob ortogonalidade e balanceamento.

          Translated abstract

          This study reviewed the theory of estimation/prediction of treatment means, in randomized block designs, emphasizing aspects of interest to plant breeders. Comparisons were made between analyses based on fixed (intrablock) and mixed (with random treatments effects - recovering intergenotypic information) linear models for identifying the determining factors that may affect the classification of genotypes. The mixed model approach, in comparison with the traditional analyses (marginal means and intrablock analysis), in general, leads to: i) more uniformly distributed treatment means; and ii) selection of different genetic treatments when the genetic variance is small relative to the environmental variance, as well as designs being non-orthogonal and unbalanced. In addition, if treatments of distinct reference populations are evaluated in the same experiment, BLUP prediction can lead to different ranking of means, in comparison with the intrablock analysis, even if designs are balanced and orthogonal.

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          Best linear unbiased estimation and prediction under a selection model.

          Mixed linear models are assumed in most animal breeding applications. Convenient methods for computing BLUE of the estimable linear functions of the fixed elements of the model and for computing best linear unbiased predictions of the random elements of the model have been available. Most data available to animal breeders, however, do not meet the usual requirements of random sampling, the problem being that the data arise either from selection experiments or from breeders' herds which are undergoing selection. Consequently, the usual methods are likely to yield biased estimates and predictions. Methods for dealing with such data are presented in this paper.
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            Estimation of Variance and Covariance Components

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              Application of linear models in animal breeding

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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Journal
                sa
                Scientia Agricola
                Sci. agric. (Piracicaba, Braz.)
                São Paulo - Escola Superior de Agricultura "Luiz de Queiroz" (Piracicaba )
                1678-992X
                March 2001
                : 58
                : 1
                : 109-117
                Affiliations
                [1 ] Universidade Federal de Goias
                [2 ] Universidade de São Paulo Brazil
                Article
                S0103-90162001000100017
                10.1590/S0103-90162001000100017
                0158df2a-fea5-465b-a5cb-e86b41596df0

                http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

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                SciELO Brazil

                Self URI (journal page): http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_serial&pid=0103-9016&lng=en
                Categories
                AGRICULTURE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

                General agriculture
                information recovering,block design,BLUP mean,genotypic selection,shrinkage,recuperação de informação,delineamento em bloco,média BLUP,seleção genotípica,ordenamento

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