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      Melatonin, minocycline and ascorbic acid reduce oxidative stress and viral titers and increase survival rate in experimental Venezuelan equine encephalitis

      , , , , ,
      Brain Research
      Elsevier BV

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          Abstract

          Venezuelan equine encephalitis (VEE) virus causes an acute central nervous system infection in human and animals. Melatonin (MLT), minocycline (MIN) and ascorbic acid (AA) have been shown to have antiviral activities in experimental infections; however, the mechanisms involved are poorly studied. Therefore, the aim of this study was to determine the effects of those compounds on the viral titers, NO production and lipid peroxidation in the brain of mice and neuroblastoma cultures infected by VEE virus. Infected mouse (10 LD50) were treated with MLT (500 μg/kg bw), MIN (50mg/kg bw) or AA (50mg/kg bw). Infected neuroblastoma cultures (MOI: 1); MLT: 0.5, 1, 5mM, MIN: 0.1, 0.2, 2 μM or AA: 25, 50, 75 μM. Brains were obtained at days 1, 3 and 5. In addition, survival rate of infected treated mice was also analyzed. Viral replication was determined by the plaque formation technique. NO and lipid peroxidation were measured by Griess׳ reaction and thiobarbituric acid assay respectively. Increased viral replication, NO production and lipid peroxidation were observed in both, infected brain and neuroblastoma cell cultures compared with uninfected controls. Those effects were diminished by the studied treatments. In addition, increased survival rate (50%) in treated infected animals compared with untreated infected mice (0%) was found. MLT, MIN and AA have an antiviral effect involving their anti-oxidant properties, and suggesting a potential use of these compounds for human VEE virus infection.

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          Author and article information

          Journal
          Brain Research
          Brain Research
          Elsevier BV
          00068993
          October 2015
          October 2015
          : 1622
          : 368-376
          Article
          10.1016/j.brainres.2015.06.034
          26168898
          01c53f1e-6b39-48ac-b4ea-217077510450
          © 2015

          https://www.elsevier.com/tdm/userlicense/1.0/

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