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      Role of RAD52 epistasis group genes in homologous recombination and double-strand break repair.

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          Abstract

          The process of homologous recombination is a major DNA repair pathway that operates on DNA double-strand breaks, and possibly other kinds of DNA lesions, to promote error-free repair. Central to the process of homologous recombination are the RAD52 group genes (RAD50, RAD51, RAD52, RAD54, RDH54/TID1, RAD55, RAD57, RAD59, MRE11, and XRS2), most of which were identified by their requirement for the repair of ionizing-radiation-induced DNA damage in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. The Rad52 group proteins are highly conserved among eukaryotes, and Rad51, Mre11, and Rad50 are also conserved in prokaryotes and archaea. Recent studies showing defects in homologous recombination and double-strand break repair in several human cancer-prone syndromes have emphasized the importance of this repair pathway in maintaining genome integrity. Although sensitivity to ionizing radiation is a universal feature of rad52 group mutants, the mutants show considerable heterogeneity in different assays for recombinational repair of double-strand breaks and spontaneous mitotic recombination. Herein, I provide an overview of recent biochemical and structural analyses of the Rad52 group proteins and discuss how this information can be incorporated into genetic studies of recombination.

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          Author and article information

          Journal
          Microbiol Mol Biol Rev
          Microbiology and molecular biology reviews : MMBR
          American Society for Microbiology
          1092-2172
          1092-2172
          Dec 2002
          : 66
          : 4
          Affiliations
          [1 ] Department of Microbiology and Institute of Cancer Research, Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, New York 10032, USA. lss5@columbia.edu
          Article
          10.1128/MMBR.66.4.630-670.2002
          134659
          12456786
          01cbe0cb-a31f-4032-870d-e880d95397c4
          History

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