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      Promoter-proximal pausing of RNA polymerase II: emerging roles in metazoans.

      1 ,
      Nature reviews. Genetics
      Springer Science and Business Media LLC

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          Abstract

          Recent years have witnessed a sea change in our understanding of transcription regulation: whereas traditional models focused solely on the events that brought RNA polymerase II (Pol II) to a gene promoter to initiate RNA synthesis, emerging evidence points to the pausing of Pol II during early elongation as a widespread regulatory mechanism in higher eukaryotes. Current data indicate that pausing is particularly enriched at genes in signal-responsive pathways. Here the evidence for pausing of Pol II from recent high-throughput studies will be discussed, as well as the potential interconnected functions of promoter-proximally paused Pol II.

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          Author and article information

          Journal
          Nat Rev Genet
          Nature reviews. Genetics
          Springer Science and Business Media LLC
          1471-0064
          1471-0056
          Oct 2012
          : 13
          : 10
          Affiliations
          [1 ] Laboratory of Molecular Carcinogenesis, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27709, USA. adelmank@niehs.nih.gov
          Article
          nrg3293 NIHMS426029
          10.1038/nrg3293
          3552498
          22986266
          0214b96f-adf3-4482-9c08-ab608befbd8c
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