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      Retrospective study (1998-2001) on canine ehrlichiosis in Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil Translated title: Estudo retrospectivo (1998 a 2001) da erliquiose canina em Belo Horizonte

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          Abstract

          The present work describes a retrospective study of clinical cases of ehrlichiosis in dogs examined from March 1998 to September 2001. From the clinical records with laboratorial confirmation of Ehrlichia canis or E. platys infections, the following parameters were analyzed: demographic aspects (age, race, sex, period of the year and origin), clinical characteristics (body temperature, exposure to ticks and clinical signs), and hematological characteristics (blood cell counts and type of infected cell). A total of 194 clinical records were analyzed, from which 31 animals were infected with E. canis and 21 animals with E. platys. The number of cases of canine ehrlichiosis increased considerably from the year 2000 onwards, and 24.4% of the cases occurred in 13- to 24-month-old animals, in different urban and per-urban regions of the municipality of Belo Horizonte. The most frequent symptoms were fever, anorexia, apathy, abdominal pain, lymphadenopathy and dispnea. Regarding hematological alterations, 70.3% of the animals presented anemia, 50% presented thrombocytopenia and 30% leukopenia, and most E. canis morulae were seen in monocytes. The results point to the importance of canine ehrlichiosis, as 35.9% of the dogs with suspected hemoparasitic diseases were infected with Ehrlichia canis or E. platys.

          Translated abstract

          O presente trabalho descreve um estudo retrospectivo da casuística clínica de erliquiose em cães atendidos entre março de 1998 e setembro de 2001. Foram analisadas 194 fichas clínicas de animais com suspeita de hemoparasitoses, nas quais 31 cães foram diagnosticados com Ehrlichia canis e 21 com Ehrlichia platys, por meio de exame parasitológico direto de esfregaços sangüíneos. Foram considerados alguns aspectos demográficos (idade, raça, sexo, época do ano e região de origem), características clínicas (temperatura corporal, presença e/ou histórico de carrapatos e sinais clínicos) e hematológicas (hemograma completo e célula parasitada). O número de diagnósticos de erliquiose aumentou consideravelmente a partir de 2000, sendo que 24,4% dos casos ocorreram em animais entre 13 e 24 meses de idade na cidade de Belo Horizonte e áreas peri-urbanas, verificando-se maior risco de infecção em animais que residiam em casas. Os sintomas mais freqüentes foram febre, anorexia, apatia, dor abdominal, linfadenopatia e dispnéia. Quanto às alterações hematológicas, 70,3% apresentaram anemia, 50% trombocitopenia e 30% leucopenia e a maioria das infecções por E. canis foi visualizada em monócitos. Os resultados apontam para a necessidade de maior atenção por parte dos clínicos e técnicos para a erliquiose canina uma vez que 35,9% dos cães atendidos com suspeita de hemoparasitoses apresentavam infecções por E. canis ou E. platys.

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          Elcontrol de las enfermidades transmissibles en el hombre

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            El control de las enfermedades transmisibles en el hombre

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              Rocky Mountain spotted fever in dogs and its differentiation from canine ehrlichiosis.

              Rocky Mountain spotted fever (RMSF) or ehrlichiosis was diagnosed in dogs on the basis of specific immunofluorescent testing for each disease. Comparisons between clinical and laboratory findings were made between the 2 diseases. The incidence of RMSF tended to be more seasonal and it affected younger dogs. Purebred dogs appeared to be more susceptible to both diseases. In general, RMSF had a more rapid and severe course of clinical illness than did ehrlichiosis, but acute ehrlichiosis was difficult to differentiate from RMSF. Both diseases were characterized by fever, depression, lymphadenopathy, and signs of neurologic dysfunction; petechial hemorrhages or other signs of hemorrhagic diathesis were evident only in a small proportion of cases. Anemia, leukopenia, and thrombocytopenia were more common in dogs with ehrlichiosis, whereas those with RMSF more often had leukocytosis and thrombocytopenia. Hypoalbuminemia was found in dogs with both diseases, but those with ehrlichiosis usually had concurrent hyperglobulinemia. High serum alkaline phosphatase activity and serum cholesterol concentration, and low serum calcium concentration were more common in dogs with RMSF than with ehrlichiosis. Rising serum titers or positive direct immunofluorescence for Rickettsia rickettsii in skin biopsy specimens were used to confirm RMSF, whereas a single serum titer for Ehrlichia canis enabled detection of ehrlichiosis. In the absence of neurologic deficits and when dogs were treated with tetracycline, dogs with RMSF made a more rapid and consistent recovery than did dogs with ehrlichiosis.
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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Journal
                abmvz
                Arquivo Brasileiro de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia
                Arq. Bras. Med. Vet. Zootec.
                Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Escola de Veterinária (Belo Horizonte )
                1678-4162
                April 2003
                : 55
                : 2
                : 141-147
                Affiliations
                [1 ] Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais Brazil
                Article
                S0102-09352003000200003
                10.1590/S0102-09352003000200003
                028acbc1-ffde-4349-a60f-0a06fbada0c1

                http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

                History
                Product

                SciELO Brazil

                Self URI (journal page): http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_serial&pid=0102-0935&lng=en
                Categories
                VETERINARY SCIENCES

                General veterinary medicine
                Ehrlichia platys,epidemiologia,dog,Ehrlichia canis,epidemiology,cão
                General veterinary medicine
                Ehrlichia platys, epidemiologia, dog, Ehrlichia canis, epidemiology, cão

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