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      Portadores asintomáticos de Staphylococcus aureus meticilino resistentes (MRSA) en pescadores y horticultores de Guerrero, México Translated title: Asymptomatic carriers of resistant methicillin Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) in fishermen and horticulturists in Guerrero, Mexico

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          Abstract

          Resumen Staphylococcus aureus resistente a la meticilina (SARM) ha sido considerado clásicamente un patógeno oportunista, causante de diversas infecciones en humanos y animales, es resistente a múltiples antibióticos característica que dificulta su control y tratamiento, se encuentra en las fosas nasales de personas sanas y se denomina estado de portador que produce motivos de alarma, desde su aparición en la década de los 70s, lo cual se ha diseminado de tal forma que hoy es el patógeno más importante del mundo considerado un problema de salud pública. Objetivo. Determinar la presencia de Staphylococcus aureus meticilino resistentes (SAMR) en portadores asintomáticos, pescadores y horticultores de Guerrero, México. Metodología. Se detectaron portadores asintomáticos en pescadores y horticultores en el estado de Guerrero. Se tomaron 107 muestras nasales, se cultivaron e identificaron cepas de S. aureus con pruebas bioquímicas convencionales, las cepas MRSA se evaluaron mediante el método de difusión de disco, por la técnica de Kirby-Bauer, siguiendo las normas internacionales del CLSI. Resultados. Se detectaron por la resistencia a la oxacilina y ser cefoxitina positivos, de los resultados obtenidos de 57 pescadores y 50 horticultores, solo se logró detectar cuatro cepas MRSA en los pescadores, la detección de estas cepas en el ambiente podría ser importante. Conclusión. La presencia de S. aureus resulta de trascendencia epidemiológica dado que se puede transmitir de personas-personas, manipuladores de alimentos que portan ya que S. aureus productores de enterotoxinas causan intoxicaciones alimentarias, es por ello que este es el primer reporte del estado de portador de MRSA en pescadores y horticultores en el estado de Guerrero. Por lo mismo se requiere poner atención, ya que de lo contrario los resultados en salud pública podrían ser negativos.

          Translated abstract

          Abstract Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) has been classically considered an opportunistic pathogen, causing various infections in humans and animals, it is resistant to multiple specific antibiotics that hinder its control and treatment, it is found in the nasal passages of healthy people and it has been called a carrier state that produces reasons for alarm, since its appearance in the 1970s, which has spread in such a way that today it is the most important pathogen in the world considered a public health problem. Aim. Metodology. Asymptomatic carriers were detected in fishermen and horticulturists in the state of Guerrero. 107 nasal samples were taken, S. aureus strains were cultivated and identified with specific biochemical tests, MRSA strains were evaluated by the disk diffusion method, by the Kirby-Bauer technique, following the international standards of CLSI. Results. Results. Were detected by resistance to oxacillin and being cefoxitin positive, of the results detected from 57 fishermen and 50 horticulturists, only four MRSA They were detected due to resistance to oxacillin and being cefoxitin positive. From the results obtained from 57 fishermen and 50 horticulturists, only four MRSA strains were detected in fishermen; detection of these strains in the environment could be important. Conclusion. The presence of S. aureus is of epidemiological significance since it can be transmitted from people to people, food handlers that carry, since S. aureus, producers of enterotoxins, cause food poisoning, which is why this is the first report on carrier status of MRSA in fishermen and horticulturists in the state of Guerrero. Therefore, it is necessary to pay attention, since otherwise the results in public health could be negative.

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          WHO PUBLISHES LIST OF BACTERIA FOR WHICH NEW ANTIBIOTICS ARE URGENTLY NEEDED

          (2017)
          27 FEBRUARY 2017 | GENEVA - WHO today published its first ever list of antibiotic-resistant “priority pathogens” – a catalogue of 12 families of bacteria that pose the greatest threat to human health. The list was drawn up in a bid to guide and promote research and development (R&D) of new antibiotics, as part of WHO’s efforts to address growing global resistance to antimicrobial medicines. The list highlights in particular the threat of gram-negative bacteria that are resistant to multiple antibiotics. These bacteria have built-in abilities to find new ways to resist treatment and can pass along genetic material that allows other bacteria to become drug-resistant as well. “This list is a new tool to ensure R&D responds to urgent public health needs,” says Dr Marie-Paule Kieny, WHO’s Assistant Director-General for Health Systems and Innovation. “Antibiotic resistance is growing, and we are fast running out of treatment options. If we leave it to market forces alone, the new antibiotics we most urgently need are not going to be developed in time.” The WHO list is divided into three categories according to the urgency of need for new antibiotics: critical, high and medium priority. The most critical group of all includes multidrug resistant bacteria that pose a particular threat in hospitals, nursing homes, and among patients whose care requires devices such as ventilators and blood catheters. They include Acinetobacter, Pseudomonas and various Enterobacteriaceae (including Klebsiella, E. coli, Serratia, and Proteus). They can cause severe and often deadly infections such as bloodstream infections and pneumonia. These bacteria have become resistant to a large number of antibiotics, including carbapenems and third generation cephalosporins – the best available antibiotics for treating multi-drug resistant bacteria. The second and third tiers in the list – the high and medium priority categories – contain other increasingly drug-resistant bacteria that cause more common diseases such as gonorrhoea and food poisoning caused by salmonella. G20 health experts will meet this week in Berlin. Mr Hermann Gröhe, Federal Minister of Health, Germany says “We need effective antibiotics for our health systems. We have to take joint action today for a healthier tomorrow. Therefore, we will discuss and bring the attention of the G20 to the fight against antimicrobial resistance. WHO’s first global priority pathogen list is an important new tool to secure and guide research and development related to new antibiotics.” The list is intended to spur governments to put in place policies that incentivize basic science and advanced R&D by both publicly funded agencies and the private sector investing in new antibiotic discovery. It will provide guidance to new R&D initiatives such as the WHO/Drugs for Neglected Diseases initiative (DNDi) Global Antibiotic R&D Partnership that is engaging in not-for-profit development of new antibiotics. Tuberculosis – whose resistance to traditional treatment has been growing in recent years – was not included in the list because it is targeted by other, dedicated programmes. Other bacteria that were not included, such as streptococcus A and B and chlamydia, have low levels of resistance to existing treatments and do not currently pose a significant public health threat. The list was developed in collaboration with the Division of Infectious Diseases at the University of Tübingen, Germany, using a multi-criteria decision analysis technique vetted by a group of international experts. The criteria for selecting pathogens on the list were: how deadly the infections they cause are; whether their treatment requires long hospital stays; how frequently they are resistant to existing antibiotics when people in communities catch them; how easily they spread between animals, from animals to humans, and from person to person; whether they can be prevented (e.g. through good hygiene and vaccination); how many treatment options remain; and whether new antibiotics to treat them are already in the R&D pipeline. “New antibiotics targeting this priority list of pathogens will help to reduce deaths due to resistant infections around the world,” says Prof Evelina Tacconelli, Head of the Division of Infectious Diseases at the University of Tübingen and a major contributor to the development of the list. “Waiting any longer will cause further public health problems and dramatically impact on patient care.” While more R&D is vital, alone, it cannot solve the problem. To address resistance, there must also be better prevention of infections and appropriate use of existing antibiotics in humans and animals, as well as rational use of any new antibiotics that are developed in future. WHO priority pathogens list for R&D of new antibiotics Priority 1: CRITICAL Acinetobacter baumannii, carbapenem-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa, carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae, carbapenem-resistant, ESBL-producing Priority 2: HIGH Enterococcus faecium, vancomycin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, methicillin-resistant, vancomycin-intermediate and resistant Helicobacter pylori, clarithromycin-resistant Campylobacter spp., fluoroquinolone-resistant Salmonellae, fluoroquinolone-resistant Neisseria gonorrhoeae, cephalosporin-resistant, fluoroquinolone-resistant Priority 3: MEDIUM Streptococcus pneumoniae, penicillin-non-susceptible Haemophilus influenzae, ampicillin-resistant Shigella spp., fluoroquinolone-resistant Available from: http://www.who.int/mediacentre/news/releases/2017/bacteria-antibiotics-needed/en/
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            Portación de Staphylococcus aureus enterotoxigénicos en manipuladores de alimentos

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              Study of Staphylococcus aureus infections in a general acute care hospital (2002-2013)

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                Author and article information

                Journal
                jonnpr
                Journal of Negative and No Positive Results
                JONNPR
                Research and Science S.L. (Madrid, Madrid, Spain )
                2529-850X
                2020
                : 5
                : 12
                : 1482-1489
                Affiliations
                [4] Pachuca Hidalgo orgnameUniversidad Autónoma del Estado de Hidalgo orgdiv1Departamento de Medicina y Coordinación de la Maestría en Salud Pública Mexico
                [3] orgnameUniversidad Nacional Autónoma de México orgdiv1Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas Mexico
                [1] Chilpancingo orgnameUniversidad Autónoma de Guerrero orgdiv1Facultad de Ciencias Químico Biológicas Mexico
                [2] Chilpancingo orgnameUniversidad Autónoma de Guerrero Mexico
                Article
                S2529-850X2020001200003 S2529-850X(20)00501200003
                10.19230/jonnpr.3755
                02c61f5f-7e30-4c90-b059-ca2009e9ef99

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.

                History
                : 11 October 2020
                : 12 May 2020
                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 9, Pages: 8
                Product

                SciELO Spain

                Categories
                Original

                bearer status,MRSA,horticulturists,fishermen,estado de portador,horticultores,pescadores

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