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      Scalable enhancement of graphene oxide properties by thermally driven phase transformation

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          Abstract

          Chemical functionalization of graphene is promising for a variety of next-generation technologies. Although graphene oxide (GO) is a versatile material in this direction, its use is limited by the production of metastable, chemically inhomogeneous and spatially disordered GO structures under current synthetic protocols, which results in poor optoelectronic properties. Here, we present a mild thermal annealing procedure, with no chemical treatments involved, to manipulate as-synthesized GO on a large scale to enhance sheet properties with the oxygen content preserved. Using experiments supported by atomistic calculations, we demonstrate that GO structures undergo a phase transformation into prominent oxidized and graphitic domains by temperature-driven oxygen diffusion. Consequently, as-synthesized GO that absorbs mainly in the ultraviolet region becomes strongly absorbing in the visible region, photoluminescence is blue shifted and electronic conductivity increases by up to four orders of magnitude. Our thermal processing method offers a suitable way to tune and enhance the properties of GO, which creates opportunities for various applications.

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          Most cited references32

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          Generalized Gradient Approximation Made Simple

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            Efficient iterative schemes forab initiototal-energy calculations using a plane-wave basis set

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              ReaxFF:  A Reactive Force Field for Hydrocarbons

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                Author and article information

                Journal
                Nature Chemistry
                Nature Chem
                Springer Science and Business Media LLC
                1755-4330
                1755-4349
                February 2014
                December 15 2013
                February 2014
                : 6
                : 2
                : 151-158
                Article
                10.1038/nchem.1820
                24451592
                032da65a-24c2-4506-b102-96b193657330
                © 2014

                http://www.springer.com/tdm

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